Bmc Med
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of fructan and gluten on gut microbiota in individuals with self-reported non-celiac gluten/wheat sensitivity-a randomised controlled crossover trial.
Individuals with non-celiac gluten/wheat sensitivity (NCGWS) experience improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms following a gluten-free diet. Although previous results have indicated that fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), a type of short-chain fructans, were more likely to induce symptoms than gluten in self-reported NCGWS patients, the underlying mechanisms are unresolved. ⋯ In conclusion, while FOS-fructans induced more gastrointestinal symptoms than gluten in the NCGWS patients, we did not find that substantial shifts in the composition nor function of the faecal microbiota could explain these differences in the current study. However, our results indicate that individual variations in baseline bacterial composition/function may influence the gastrointestinal symptom response to both FOS-fructans and gluten. Additionally, the change in E. coprostanoligenes group, which was associated with increased symptoms, implies that attention should be given to these bacteria in future trials investigating the impact of dietary treatments on gastrointestinal symptoms.
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Multicenter Study
Phase 1b study of first-line fuzuloparib combined with modified FOLFIRINOX followed by fuzuloparib maintenance monotherapy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Chemotherapy remains the standard first-line treatment for pancreatic adenocarcinoma, but with limited efficacy. We aimed to explore the feasibility of adding the PARP inhibitor fuzuloparib to mFOLFIRINOX in the locally advanced/metastatic (LA/M) setting. ⋯ First-line fuzuloparib plus mFOLFIRINOX followed by maintenance fuzuloparib was generally safe and showed encouraging anti-tumor activity in patients with LA/M pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The RP2D of fuzuloparib combination was 60 mg BID.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of salt substitution on fracture-a secondary analysis of the Salt Substitute and Stroke Study (SSaSS).
Associations of dietary sodium and potassium intake with fracture risk are inconsistent and the effects of salt substitute on fracture incidence are unknown. We assessed the effect of salt substitute compared to regular salt intake on fracture incidence using data from the Salt Substitute and Stroke Study (SSaSS). ⋯ Use of salt substitute compared to regular salt had no detectable effect on the incidence of fracture in a population at high risk of cardiovascular disease and fracture.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Time-restricted eating with or without a low-carbohydrate diet improved myocardial status and thyroid function in individuals with metabolic syndrome: secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.
Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have become urgent worldwide health problems, predisposing patients to unfavorable myocardial status and thyroid dysfunction. Low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) and time-restricted eating (TRE) have been confirmed to be effective methods for weight management and improving MetS, but their effects on the myocardium and thyroid are unclear. ⋯ TRE with or without LCD confers remarkable metabolic benefits on myocardial status and thyroid function in subjects with MetS.
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The spatiotemporal epidemiological evidence supporting joint endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer (EC) and gastric cancer (GC) remains limited. This study aims to identify combined high-risk regions for EC and GC and determine optimal areas for joint and separate endoscopic screening. ⋯ This study demonstrates a significant spatiotemporal association between EC and GC. The identified combined risk regions provide a valuable basis for optimizing joint endoscopic screening strategies for these cancers.