Bmc Med
-
Chile's Food Labelling Law was implemented in three phases with increasingly stricter limits. After initial implementation, sugars and sodium decreased in packaged foods, with no significant changes for saturated fats. It is unclear whether full implementation is linked with further reformulation or if producers reversed changes due to consumers' preferences. This study examines changes in the proportion of "high in" products and the nutrient content of packaged foods during the Law's three phases. ⋯ After fully implementing Chile's law, the proportion of "high in" products and the content of critical nutrients decreased in all food and beverage categories. The largest changes occurred for sodium in savory foods and sugars in sweet foods/beverages. Stricter regulatory limits were associated with decreases in critical nutrient content over time.
-
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to brain alterations, but the specific regions affected and the causal associations between these changes remain unclear. ⋯ Nerve fiber damage and imbalances in neuronal activity across multiple brain regions caused by hypoxia, particularly the frontal lobe, underlie the structural and the functional connectivity impairments in OSA.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Persistent effect of salt reduction in schoolchildren and their families: 1-year follow-up after an application-based cluster randomized controlled trial.
A 12-month cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) demonstrated the effectiveness of an application-based education program in reducing the salt intake and systolic blood pressure (SBP) of schoolchildren's adult family members. This study aimed to assess whether the effect at 12 months persisted at 24 months. ⋯ The effect of the education program on adults' salt intake faded, but the SBP lowering effect and the improvement of KAP score remained 12 months after the completion of the RCT. Continuous efforts are needed to maintain the salt reduction effects in real-world settings.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of enhanced recovery after surgery on older patients undergoing transvaginal pelvic floor reconstruction surgery: a randomised controlled trial.
Prospective trial evidence is lacking regarding the application of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in transvaginal pelvic floor reconstruction surgery among older patients. Our study aimed to investigate whether implementing the ERAS protocol could enhance post-operative recovery in this patient population. ⋯ Implementation of the ERAS protocol can expedite post-operative recovery in older patients undergoing transvaginal pelvic floor reconstruction surgery, achieve opioid-sparing, alleviate pain post-operatively, and decrease the incidence of complications.
-
Lifestyle choices, such as dietary patterns and sleep duration, significantly impact the health of the digestive system and may influence the risk of mortality from digestive system cancer. ⋯ Aberrant sleep durations may increase the risk of mortality from digestive system cancer, potentially through smoking, higher BMI, and type 2 diabetes. However, aberrant sleep durations do not seem to reduce the protective effects of a healthy dietary pattern.