Bmc Med
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Partially driven by public concerns about modern food production practices, organic food has gained popularity among consumers. However, the impact of organic food consumption during pregnancy on offspring health is scarcely studied. We aimed to investigate the association between maternal intake of organic food during pregnancy and symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring at 8 years of age. ⋯ We observed weak positive associations between frequent maternal organic food consumption during pregnancy and offspring ADHD and ASD symptom levels at 8 years of age. This trend weakened or disappeared after adjusting for maternal symptoms of ADHD, and in sibling analyses, suggesting that the associations mainly reflect genetic confounding. Our study indicates that consumption of organic food during pregnancy should neither be considered a risk factor nor protective against symptoms of ADHD and ASD in offspring.
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Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) drive HIV transmission in many sub-Saharan African settings. The impact of screening and treating AUD and MDD on HIV outcomes is unknown. We aimed to identify the cost-effectiveness of AUD and MDD interventions in Zimbabwe, and their potential contribution to reaching Zimbabwe's Ending the HIV Epidemic 2030 goal. ⋯ Implementing AUD and MDD interventions can play an important role in HIV reduction in Zimbabwe, particularly if intervention cost can be decreased while preserving effectiveness.
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Recently, several novel RSV immunisation products that protect infants and older adults against RSV disease have been licensed in Europe. We estimated the effectiveness and efficiency of introducing these RSV immunisation strategies in Germany. ⋯ Immunisation has the potential to reduce the RSV disease burden in Germany.
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In Australia, diabetes is the fastest growing chronic condition, with prevalence trebling over the past three decades. Despite reported sex differences in diabetes outcomes, disparities in management and health targets remain unclear. This population-based retrospective study used MedicineInsight primary healthcare data to investigate sex differences in diabetes prevalence, incidence, management, and achievement of health targets. ⋯ This research underscores variations in diabetes epidemiology and management based on sex. Tailoring diabetes management should consider the patient's sex.