Bmc Med
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Healthy lifestyle factors and combined macrovascular and microvascular events in diabetes patients with high cardiovascular risk: results from ADVANCE.
To explore whether healthy lifestyle factors (HLFs) predict a lower risk of major macrovascular and microvascular events and death in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with a high risk of vascular complications. ⋯ HLFs are associated with lower risks of major macrovascular and microvascular events and lower rates of death in high-risk adults with T2D.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Visceral adipose tissue area and proportion provide distinct reflections of cardiometabolic outcomes in weight loss; pooled analysis of MRI-assessed CENTRAL and DIRECT PLUS dietary randomized controlled trials.
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is well established as a pathogenic fat depot, whereas superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is associated with either an improved or neutral cardiovascular state. However, it is unclear to what extent VAT area (VATcm2) and its proportion of total abdominal adipose tissue (VAT%) are distinguished in predicting cardiometabolic status and clinical outcomes during weight loss. ⋯ MRI follow-up of 572 participants over 18 months of weight loss intervention suggests that although increased VATcm2 and VAT% exhibit similar clinical manifestations, it might be preferable to examine VAT% when exploring lipid status, while VATcm2 may better reflect inflammatory and glycemic states.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Initial treatment with a single capsule containing half-dose quadruple therapy vs standard-dose dual therapy in hypertensive patients (QUADUAL): a randomized, blinded, crossover trial.
Guidelines recognized dual combination in initial antihypertensive therapy. Studies found that low-dose quadruple combination were superior to monotherapy. However, whether low-dose quadruple therapy is better than dual combination is unknown. ⋯ Initiating treatment with half-dose quadruple combination therapy was more effective in lowering blood pressure than standard-dose dual therapy. The safety of half-dose quadruple therapy was comparable.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of enhanced recovery after surgery on older patients undergoing transvaginal pelvic floor reconstruction surgery: a randomised controlled trial.
Prospective trial evidence is lacking regarding the application of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in transvaginal pelvic floor reconstruction surgery among older patients. Our study aimed to investigate whether implementing the ERAS protocol could enhance post-operative recovery in this patient population. ⋯ Implementation of the ERAS protocol can expedite post-operative recovery in older patients undergoing transvaginal pelvic floor reconstruction surgery, achieve opioid-sparing, alleviate pain post-operatively, and decrease the incidence of complications.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Persistent effect of salt reduction in schoolchildren and their families: 1-year follow-up after an application-based cluster randomized controlled trial.
A 12-month cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) demonstrated the effectiveness of an application-based education program in reducing the salt intake and systolic blood pressure (SBP) of schoolchildren's adult family members. This study aimed to assess whether the effect at 12 months persisted at 24 months. ⋯ The effect of the education program on adults' salt intake faded, but the SBP lowering effect and the improvement of KAP score remained 12 months after the completion of the RCT. Continuous efforts are needed to maintain the salt reduction effects in real-world settings.