Bmc Med
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Many studies have found more severe COVID-19 outcomes in migrants and ethnic minorities throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, while recent evidence also suggests higher risk of longer-term consequences. We studied the risk of a long COVID diagnosis among adult residents in Sweden, dependent on country of birth and accounting for known risk factors for long COVID. ⋯ The greater exposure and impact of the COVID-19 virus among migrants also affected longer-term consequences. Disease severity was the most important risk factor for long COVID in migrants. The findings emphasize the need for targeted health interventions for migrant communities during an infectious disease pandemic, such as strategic vaccination campaigns and extending social insurance schemes, focusing on reducing disease severity to mitigate the longer-term health consequences of an infection.
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We synthesised the current evidence in coverage and quality of delivery care, change in neonatal mortality (NMR), and causes of neonatal death in the private sector deliveries in the Indian state of Bihar from 2011 to 2021. ⋯ This analysis contributes to a nuanced understanding of the changes in the private sector delivery in a given population over time to facilitate appropriate actions and interventions to improve newborn survival and maternal services.
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Adolescent diabetes is one of the major public health problems worldwide. This study aims to estimate the burden of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adolescents from 1990 to 2021, and to predict diabetes prevalence through 2030. ⋯ Among adolescents, the burden of T1DM and T2DM is increasing and varies by region, sex, and SDI. Therefore, targeted interventions based on regional features are needed to prevent and control adolescent diabetes. Moreover, more efforts are needed to control climate change and obesity to reduce the adolescent diabetes burden.
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Mechanisms underlying the association of life-course adiposity with incident hypertension in adulthood have not been comprehensively investigated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential biochemical and metabolomic mechanisms underlying the association between adiposity and incident hypertension. ⋯ Thinner or plumper body size in childhood increases the risk of incident adulthood hypertension, and adulthood adiposity partly mediated this association, suggesting the importance of maintaining normal weight across the life course. Several biochemical indices and metabolites mediated these associations providing clues to underlying biological mechanisms.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of enhanced recovery after surgery on older patients undergoing transvaginal pelvic floor reconstruction surgery: a randomised controlled trial.
Prospective trial evidence is lacking regarding the application of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in transvaginal pelvic floor reconstruction surgery among older patients. Our study aimed to investigate whether implementing the ERAS protocol could enhance post-operative recovery in this patient population. ⋯ Implementation of the ERAS protocol can expedite post-operative recovery in older patients undergoing transvaginal pelvic floor reconstruction surgery, achieve opioid-sparing, alleviate pain post-operatively, and decrease the incidence of complications.