Bratisl Med J
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In the review we analyzed short history of the establishment of a novel hematological parameter for systemic inflammation and stress coined as a neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Today NLR is widely used across almost all medical disciplines as a reliable and easy available marker of immune response to various infectious and non-infectious stimuli. We analyzed the immunological and biological aspects of dynamic changes of neutrophil granulocytes and lymphocytes in circulating blood during endocrine stress, dysbalance of autonomic nervous system and systemic inflammation. ⋯ Dynamic changes of NLR precede the clinical state for several hours and may warn clinicians about the ongoing pathological process early. NLR is a novel perspective marker of cellular immune activation, a valid index of stress and systemic inflammation, which open a new dimension for clinical medicine, for better understanding of the biology of inflammation, coupling and antagonism between innate and adaptive immunity and its clinical consequences for health and disease (Tab. 8, Fig. 3, Ref. 151). Keywords: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic inflammation, immune-inflammatory response, endocrinne stress.
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We aimed to investigate the effects of juglone on angiogenesis, metastasis and cell proliferation processes in pancreatic cancer (PC) and to understand whether its possible effects occur via the Wnt signaling pathway by analyzing the expression levels of target genes of Wnt signaling. ⋯ Juglone has a promising potential to develop new strategies for the treatment of PC (Tab. 2, Fig. 4, Ref. 35).
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The aim of this study was to present our experience in the treatment of post-myocardial infarction ventricular septal defect and examine the various risk factors. ⋯ This analysis showed that post-myocardial infarction ventricular septal defect repair is a devastating complication and preoperative mechanical ventilation, postoperative renal replacement therapy and residual defect were identified to be the predictors of mortality. Initial stabilization of the patients, when it is possible, and a delayed repair, may improve the outcome of these patients (Tab. 3, Ref. 17).
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Asymptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF) detection and pulmonary veins isolation (PVI) outcome prediction remain challenging. Our aim was to study the association between apelin and paroxysmal AF in patients undergoing radiofrequency catheter PVI. ⋯ In patients without a structural heart disease apelin showed a significant specificity and sensitivity for AF prediction and inversely correlated with AF burden (Tab. 3, Fig. 3, Ref. 34).
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Seven dioxaborole compounds are investigated in this study. Structural and spectral characterizations are done at the M062X/6-31+G(d,p) level in water. Active sites of these compounds are determined by contour plots of frontier molecular orbital and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) maps. Electrophilic and nucleophilic attack regions are determined. Since SARS-CoV-2 is a worldwide health problem, antiviral properties of studied boron-containing compounds are investigated by molecular docking calculations. In addition to these calculations, MM/PSBA calculations are performed. ⋯ It is found that the studied boron compounds can be good drug candidates against the main protease of SARS-CoV-2, while the best of them is 4,6-di-tert-butyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)benzo[d][1,3,2] dioxaborole (B2) (Tab. 3, Fig. 8, Ref. 23).