Bratisl Med J
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COVID-19 can also cause multi-organ failure or severe pneumonia. Therefore, new biomarkers are being investigated for rapid diagnosis, early treatment and reduced mortality rates. In this study, D-dimer and albumin were looked at from a different perspective. ⋯ Although albumin had the highest sensitivity values in determining mortality or predicting intensive care admission in our study, we think that D-dimer and DAR may be other parameters to be used to predict intensive care admission and in-hospital mortality (Tab. 5, Fig. 2, Ref. 19) Keywords: COVID-19, albumin, D-dimer, mortality, D-dimer/albumin.
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We aimed to assist in the diagnosis of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) with the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). ⋯ Significantly higher NLR levels were found in CVST patients compared to the patients, who were not diagnosed with CVST and the patients without any diagnosis (Tab. 5, Fig. 2, Ref. 22).
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Acute biliary pancreatitis is the most common form of acute pancreatitis worldwide. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) may be helpful in detecting common bile duct stones and in indicating more invasive endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) examinations or determining rarer aetiologies of acute pancreatitis. ⋯ The use of EUS in patients with acute pancreatitis is very helpful in determining the treatment strategy (ERCP indication) and may reduce hospital mortality (Tab. 2, Ref. 14).
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The human body possesses an endogenous regeneration system based on stem cells, which may be found in practically every tissue type. They are classified as embryonic stem cells (ESCs) or nonembryonic stem cells (NESCs). Despite its enormous promise, the use of ESCs is presently limited because of ethical and scientific issues. ⋯ Current animal and laboratory investigations are looking into the viability of bringing stem cell therapy into clinical practice for regeneration in muscular dystrophy, intervertebral disc degeneration, cerebral infarctions, and transplantation medicine. This article delves into the many aspects at play, as well as current situation and possible issues with stem cell treatment in patient care and management (Fig. 1, Ref. 86). Keywords: stem cells, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, stem cell application.
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Mitochondria are intracellular organelles involved in a number of key biologic processes in the cell, including energy production, redox signaling, calcium homeostasis, inflammation, senescence, innate immune response, and mitophagy. Mitochondrial cytopathies include a heterogeneous group of diseases that are characterized by impaired oxidative phosphorylation, leading to multi-organ involvement and progressive clinical deterioration. ⋯ The role of mitochondria in a pathogenesis of nephrotoxicity and kidney carcinogenesis is also discussed (Tab. 2, Fig. 7, Ref. 100). Keywords: mitochondrial nephropathy, interstitial nephritis, glomerulosclerosis, diabetic nephropathy, nephrotoxicity, mitochondrial cytopathies.