Bratisl Med J
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The discovery of optic bulb paved the way for the development of safe endoscopic systems not only with diagnostic ability, but also suitable for treatment. At the beginning of the 20th century, the first attempts to use an endoscope in the treatment of hydrocephalus have been made with encouraging results. ⋯ Together with microneurosurgery, neuroendoscopy has established the concept of minimally invasive neurosurgery (Fig. 4, Ref. 16). Full Text (Free, PDF) www.bmj.sk.
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Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) belong to most frequently used drugs worldwide. NSAIDs belong to the family of drugs that represent the biggest drug risk as to the number of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), as well as to the number of deregistered drugs. ⋯ Prescription habits of doctors in Slovakia reflect the drug risk only partially, nevertheless the total consumption of dangerous medicines is decreasing and substances with safer profile remain being more used. In the prescribing process the patients' risk factors together with the differences in drug characteristics should be considered. Nevertheless some of these drugs are OTC, and their consumption is strongly influenced by pharmacists and advertisement (Tab. 2, Fig. 1, Ref. 18). Full Text (Free, PDF) www.bmj.sk.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of a preincisional and postincisional small dose of ketamine for postoperative analgesia in children.
The aim of this randomized, double blind, placebo controlled prospective study was to investigate the preventive action of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine on postoperative analgesia by comparing its administration preincisionally, at the end of operation and placebo in the management of postoperative pain in children. ⋯ No significant difference was found between analgesic effects of preincisional ketamine, ketamine administered at the end of operation and of control group in postoperative analgesia in children (Tab. 1, Fig. 1, Ref. 21). Full Text (Free, PDF) www.bmj.sk.
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Comparative Study
Prospective comparison of local, spinal, and general types of anaesthesia regarding oxidative stress following Lichtenstein hernia repair.
As a tension-free repair technique, Lichtenstein operation has gained great popularity worldwide during the last decade. Expert centres do this technique using local anaesthesia in nearly 95 % of cases. However, general anaesthesia is used in many hospitals, while regional anaesthesia is preferred in some centres. ⋯ Total antioxidant status shows minor alterations in three types of anaesthesia, however, general anaesthesia seems to be the least reliable among them. Overall, local and spinal anaesthesia methods can be accepted as better alternatives in comparison with general anaesthesia in regard to oxidative stress (Tab. 2, Ref. 25). Full Text (Free, PDF) www.bmj.sk.
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We describe successful use of enteral sildenafil following surgery for congenital heart disease in three cases. One infant after repair of ventricular septal defect and aortic coarctation had pulmonary hypertension non-responsive to nitric oxide, another infant and 3.5 year child following palliative surgery for congenital heart disease with univentricular physiology were treated with inhaled nitric oxide and had severe systemic desaturations associated with endotracheal suctioning. Therapy with sildenafil reduced pulmonary arterial pressure, prevented episodes of arterial desaturations and allowed weaning from nitric oxide (Ref. 7). Full Text (Free, PDF) www.bmj.sk