Bratisl Med J
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Important metabolic variables that lead to the development of many diseases, including "mitochondrial diseases," include increased oxidative stress and mitochondrial malfunction. Given that the clinical picture and metabolic alterations in individuals suspected of having mitochondrial illnesses lack distinct characteristics, the development of sensitive and specific diagnostic techniques to detect alterations in mitochondrial bioenergetics is imperative. High-resolution respirometry (HRR), is a minimally invasive technique that enables the analysis of mitochondrial function in platelets taken from peripheral blood. ⋯ When combined with the measurement of endogenous coenzyme Q10 levels, HRR may be an effective approach for early identification of compromised mitochondrial function along with monitoring the therapeutic outcomes. Supplementing with coenzyme Q10, applying molecular hydrogen, transplanting mitochondria, and applying platelet-rich plasma (PRP) are some of the therapeutic strategies utilized to enhance mitochondrial function and reduce oxidative stress (Tab. 1, Fig. 1, Ref. 62). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, mitochondrial bioenergetics, high-resolution respirometry, therapeutic approaches.
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Dental caries remains the most prevalent chronic, oral biofilm-associated disease affecting majority of the globe's population in all age categories. Despite enormous and revolutionary progress in omics technologies, it´s aetiology is not fully understood. The interest of current research is primarily focused on the identification and understanding of the crosstalk between main players such as host cell genome, oral microbiome´s genome, factors of immune response, saliva content and nutrition. ⋯ This review focuses on contemporary evidence on genetics factors affecting dental caries and to provide an up-to-date comprehensive description and classification of the genes and their alterations influencing the disease. It also aims to delineate and discuss evidence gaps and potential novel applications of genetics in the context of recent advances (Tab. 2, Ref. 113). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: dental caries, candidate gene, genetic variation, multifactorial disease.
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Review Comparative Study
A comparative review of coronary computed tomography angiography and myocardial perfusion imaging.
Coronary artery disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Non-invasive imaging techniques have revolutionized the diagnosis and management of coronary artery disease. ⋯ In parallel, we discuss the role of coronary computed tomography angiography and myocardial perfusion imaging in the diagnosis and management of coronary artery disease, their comparative efficacy, and their potential to guide subsequent interventions (Fig. 4, Ref. 70). Keywords: angiography, heart, perfusion, myocardial blood flow, ischemic heart disease.
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Cardio-cerebral infarction (CCI) is a term coined to describe concomitant myocardial infarction and acute ischemic stroke. Acute myocardial infarction and stroke, as separate events, constitute some of the most important causes for disability and mortality in aging societies. Stroke can either occur simultaneously with myocardial infarction or become a serious complication of myocardial infarction and/or its treatment. ⋯ In this review we have focused on the current literacy in the diagnosis and treatment of CCIs. The paper illustrates potential distinct scenarios of CCI through the analysis of three patient cases (Fig. 5, Ref. 65). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: myocardial infarction, stroke, cardio-cerebral infarction, carotid artery stenting, cardiac surgery.
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Medication adherence is crucial for optimal treatment outcomes, yet many patients struggle to follow their prescribed regimens, impacting patients, families, and healthcare systems. Measurement of adherence is vital for effective care planning and intervention. This review explores medication adherence challenges and measurement methods, including therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), medication event monitoring system (MEMS), analysis of adherence in insurance/pharmacy database, pill counts, and self-reports, each with its advantages and limitations. ⋯ In summary, medication adherence is vital but complex. The article covers various adherence measurement methods to promote medication adherence as an important matter (Tab. 5, Fig. 2, Ref. 91). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: medication adherence, adherence barriers, primary non-adherence, medication event monitoring system, pill count, self-report.