Brit J Hosp Med
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Survival of preterm-born infants, especially at extremes of prematurity (less than 28 weeks gestation), is now common, particularly in the developed world. Despite advances in neonatal care, short-term respiratory morbidity, termed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (also called chronic lung disease of prematurity), remains an important clinical outcome. ⋯ In addition, we shall review the emerging literature on the respiratory morbidity experienced in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood by preterm-born survivors, with reduced lung function and a risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in early adult life. As this population of preterm-born individuals increases, an understanding of the respiratory consequences of preterm birth will become increasingly important not only for neonatologists, paediatricians and paediatric pulmonologists but also for physicians and healthcare professionals involved in the care of adults who were born preterm.
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Observational Study
Drug exposure characteristics and related pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women: an observational cohort study.
Aims/Background The relationship between drug exposure and pregnancy outcomes is still unclear. The study was designed to characterise the overall condition of drug exposure during pregnancy and uncover related pregnancy outcomes. Methods Pregnant women were enrolled in the study from 1 October 2019 to 31 April 2022, at a tertiary hospital in Jiangsu Province, China. ⋯ Compared to the second and third trimester, unrecommended drugs are used more frequently in the first trimester. Drug exposure is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and these associations need to be further confirmed. It is vital to fully consider treatment benefits and potential risks before medication initiation during pregnancy.
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Aims/Background Artificial intelligence technology has attained rapid development in recent years. The integration of artificial intelligence applications into pressure reduction mattresses, giving rise to artificial intelligence-powered pressure reduction mattresses, is expected to provide personalised intelligent pressure reduction solutions, through automatic user's data-based adjustment of the patient's local pressure condition to prevent pressure injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence-powered smart decompression in the prevention of postoperative medium- and high-risk pressure injury in middle-aged and elderly patients. ⋯ Before treatment, there was no difference in the scores of all aspects of the Richards Campbell Sleep Questionnaire between the two groups (p > 0.05). After treatment, the scores of all aspects of Richards Campbell Sleep Questionnaire in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion The artificial intelligence-powered smart decompression mattress can significantly prevent moderate- and high-risk pressure injury, effectively reducing the incidence of pressure injury and complications in postoperative long-term bedridden patients, alleviating the severity of pressure injury, relieving the pressure on various parts, and improving the sleep quality of patients.
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Aims/Background Generally, pelvic osteosarcoma has a worse prognosis compared with limb osteosarcoma. This study aims to create and validate a new nomogram for predicting the prognosis of pelvic osteosarcoma. Methods Clinical data of 62 patients derived from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and 31 Chinese patients diagnosed with pelvic osteosarcoma were gathered. ⋯ A predictive nomogram was developed based on the data from the SEER cohort and validated in the Chinese cohort. The areas under the curves (AUCs) that are used to predict 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year survival rates were 0.81 (95% CI: 0.68-0.94), 0.75 (95% CI: 0.63-0.86), and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.70-0.89) in the training cohort, and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.30-1.04), 0.66 (95% CI: 0.43-0.90) and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.50-0.93) in the validation cohort. Conclusion The predictive nomogram constructed in this study facilitates accurate and effective prediction of the overall survival of patients with pelvic osteosarcoma and helps enhance the clinical decision-making process.
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Aims/Background High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) and intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) are emerging neuromodulation techniques for major depressive disorder (MDD). However, clinical trials directly comparing their efficacy are limited. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the antidepressant effects and safety profiles of iTBS versus HF-rTMS for MDD. ⋯ Conclusion iTBS and HF-rTMS have comparable efficacy and safety profiles in treating MDD based on current evidence. Both neuromodulation techniques are superior to sham stimulation. iTBS could be considered an alternative to HF-rTMS, with the advantage of shorter daily treatment duration. Further large RCTs with long-term follow-up are warranted to confirm these findings.