Cochrane Db Syst Rev
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
Review Meta AnalysisPsychosocial and psychological interventions for treating postpartum depression.
Postpartum depression is a major health issue for many women from diverse cultures. While pharmacological interventions are an effective treatment for depression, mothers are often reluctant to take antidepressant medication due to concerns about breast milk transmission or potential side-effects. It is important that non-pharmacologic interventions be evaluated for use with postpartum women experiencing depressive symptomatology. ⋯ Although the methodological quality of the majority of trials was, in general, not strong, the meta-analysis results suggest that psychosocial and psychological interventions are an effective treatment option for women suffering from postpartum depression. The long-term effectiveness remains unclear.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
Review Meta AnalysisPercutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting for carotid artery stenosis.
Endovascular treatment by transluminal balloon angioplasty or stent insertion may be a useful alternative to carotid endarterectomy. ⋯ The data are difficult to interpret because the trials are heterogeneous (different patients, endovascular procedures, and duration of follow up) and five trials were stopped early, perhaps leading to an over-estimate of the risks of endovascular treatment. The pattern of effects on different outcomes does not support a change in clinical practice away from recommending carotid endarterectomy as the treatment of choice for suitable carotid artery stenosis.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
Review Meta Analysis Comparative StudyCoblation versus other surgical techniques for tonsillectomy.
Tonsillectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures. There are several operative methods currently in use, but the superiority of one over another has not been clearly demonstrated. ⋯ In terms of postoperative pain and speed and safety of recovery, there is inadequate evidence to determine whether coblation tonsillectomy is better or worse than other methods of tonsillectomy. Evidence from a large prospective audit suggests that it has been associated with a higher level of morbidity, in terms of postoperative bleeding. Large, well-designed randomised controlled trials supplemented by data from large prospective audits are needed to produce information on effectiveness and morbidity respectively.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
Review Meta AnalysisParenteral anticoagulation for prolonging survival in patients with cancer who have no other indication for anticoagulation.
Basic research and clinical studies have generated the hypothesis that anticoagulation may improve survival in patients with cancer through an antitumour effect in addition to the antithrombotic effect. ⋯ Heparin has a survival benefit in cancer patients in general, and in patients with limited small cell lung cancer in particular. Heparin might be particularly beneficial in cancer patients with limited cancer or a longer life expectancy. Future research should investigate the survival benefit of different types of anticoagulants (in different dosing, schedules and duration of therapy) in patients with different types and stages of cancers.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
Review Meta AnalysisAnalgesia in patients with acute abdominal pain.
For decades, analgesia for patients with acute abdominal pain was withheld until a definitive diagnosis was established for fear of masking the symptoms, changing physical findings or ultimately delaying diagnosis and treatment of a surgical condition. This non-evidence-based approach has been challenged by recent studies demonstrating that the use of analgesia in the initial evaluation of patients with acute abdominal pain leads to significant pain reduction without affecting diagnostic accuracy. However, early administration of analgesia to such patients can greatly reduce their pain and does not interfere with a diagnosis, which may even be facilitated due to the severity of physical symptoms being reduced. ⋯ The review provide some evidence to support the notion that the use of opioid analgesics in patients with acute abdominal pain is helpful in terms of patient comfort and does not retard decisions to treat.