Cochrane Db Syst Rev
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
ReviewHuman recombinant activated factor VII for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with liver diseases.
Mortality from upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with liver disease is high. The human recombinant activated factor VII is one of the suggested treatments for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in these patients. ⋯ We found no evidence that human recombinant activated factor VII reduces the risk of death in patients with liver disease and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. However, we made our conclusion on a single randomised clinical trial. More randomised clinical trials having low risk of bias are necessary in order to determine the role of human recombinant factor VIIa in clinical practice.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
ReviewInterventions for varicose veins and leg oedema in pregnancy.
Pregnancy is presumed to be a major contributory factor in the increased incidence of varicose veins in women, which can in turn lead to venous insufficiency and leg oedema. The most common symptom of varicose veins and oedema is the substantial pain experienced, as well as night cramps, numbness, tingling, the legs may feel heavy, achy, and possibly be unsightly. Treatment of varicose veins are usually divided into three main groups: surgery, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. Treatments of leg oedema comprise mostly of symptom reduction rather than cure and use pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. ⋯ Rutosides appear to help relieve the symptoms of varicose veins in late pregnancy. However, this finding is based on one small study (69 women) and there are not enough data presented in the study to assess its safety in pregnancy. It therefore cannot be routinely recommended. Reflexology appears to help improve symptoms for women with leg oedema, but again this is based on one small study (43 women). External compression stockings do not appear to have any advantages in reducing oedema.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
ReviewPsychological treatment for anxiety in people with traumatic brain injury.
Psychological treatments are commonly used in the management of anxiety. Certain types of psychological treatments are well suited to needs of people with traumatic brain injury (TBI). We have systematically reviewed studies examining the effectiveness of these approaches for TBI. ⋯ This review provides some evidence for the effectiveness of CBT for treatment of acute stress disorder following mild TBI and CBT combined with neurorehabilitation for targeting general anxiety symptomatology in people with mild to moderate TBI. These findings need to be viewed in light of the small number, small sample size and heterogeneous characteristics of current trials published in this area. More trials focusing on comparable psychological interventions, severity of injury of participants and diagnosis of anxiety disorder(s) are needed.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
ReviewInterventions to support the decision-making process for older people facing the possibility of long-term residential care.
The decision to enter long-term care is often a major life event for older people, made in the context of personal crisis and loss. We hypothesised that the process through which a decision to enter long-term residential care emerges affects the overall psycho-social adjustment to, and acceptance of, this decision, and may have an impact on a range of other outcomes for older persons and their carers, such as health status. ⋯ No eligible studies were identified to inform the use of interventions to support the decision-making process for older people facing the possibility of long-term residential care. This should not be interpreted as demonstrating that these interventions are not effective. The many related studies we identified which did not meet the study design criterion for this review indicate that there is substantial research interest in this topic. It would be useful to summarise the information available in the wider literature using newly-developing methods for synthesising qualitative studies. This could help identify interventions which warrant further research. Rigorously conducted randomised controlled trials of these interventions could then make a valuable contribution to the range of evidence surrounding this significant event in the lives of many older people, informing practice and policy development.
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This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: To determine the efficacy of paroxetine in comparison with other anti-depressive agents in alleviating the acute symptoms of major depressive disorder. To review acceptability of treatment with paroxetine in comparison with other anti-depressive agents. To investigate the adverse effects of paroxetine in comparison with other anti-depressive agents.