Gac Med Mex
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First Academies originated in Italy at the beginnings of the Renaissance. Their works were of encyclopedic extent. Regarding to scientific academies, the first was the "Accademia dei Lincei" founded in Rome on August 17, 1603, due to the initiative of four young men; three naturalists and a physician. ⋯ Regarding New Spain, the worthy "Academia médico-quirúrgica" of Puebla, mentioned since 1802, must be considered. In independent Mexico, two successive medical academies were established that paved the way for our National Academy of Medicine (1864). This society, since its birth, has been publishing the "Gaceta Médica de México", dean of the Mexican medical journals.
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Biography Historical Article
[George H. Whipple. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1934. Whipple's disease, pernicious anemia, and other contributions to medicine].
George Hoyot Whipple (1878-1976) was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1934, along with Minot and Murphy for their studies in pernicious anemia. Whipple's name has been given to the bacterial disease which he describes in 1907 that we know today as Whipple's disease or intestinal lipodystrophy. ⋯ He worked with William Welch in the Department of Pathology at Johns Hopkins Hospital and later became director of the University of Rochester. He died in 1976 at the age of 98.
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Arab medicine arose as a consequence of the assimilation and breeding of Hellenistic medicine, particularly of Galenic medicine. It reached its high point between the X and XII centuries and, after the XIII century, lost all creative capabilities. ⋯ The main characteristics of Moslem medical institutions such as guilds, hospitals, and organizations of professional practice also are discussed. Although Arab medicine essentially constituted a transmission vehicle of master ideas of ancient medical thought, this medicine awoke the interest and initiative of the medieval physicians of western Europe, for example, those at the medical school of Salerno.