Gac Med Mex
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Overweight and obesity (OW/OB) represent a serious challenge in Mexico, with effects on health, society and economy. Demographic, epidemiological, nutritional, social and economic factors have exacerbated this problem. ⋯ The obesogenic environment, influenced by social determinants of health, has had a significant impact on mortality, burden of disease, and economic costs. Addressing OW/OB requires multisector interventions to strengthen the Mexican health system.
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Liver cirrhosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Mexico, it is one of the six leading causes of death. ⋯ The burden of disease due to liver cirrhosis continues to be caused by alcohol consumption and hepatitis C; cirrhosis caused by steatotic liver disease has increased in terms of prevalence over the past decade. There are epidemiological changes in the frequency and burden of chronic liver disease that show territorial variations in Mexico.
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Between 2020 and 2021, Mexico documented 2.21 million fatalities, out of which 25.3% were attributable to SARS-COV-2 infection. ⋯ In Mexico and the countries of the region, the pandemic was devastating and generated regressions in life expectancy at birth, which varied from two to nine years. It is not clear why the effect was so different between countries and within Mexico.
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This essay shows that the development of nephrology in recent years has been basically in dialysis and kidney transplantation, but access to the entire population that requires it is insufficient and limited, which is a universal phenomenon. In addition, the fragmentation of the specialty into other subspecialities has been generated. Among other reasons that prevent decision makers from deciding to expand tertiary nephrology care to a larger population, 12 intrinsic factors and four extrinsic factors are identified, together with limited resources dedicated to research; therefore, national societies of nephrology are encouraged to act and try to modify those factors that are obstacles to the development of the specialty and the expansion of nephrological care.
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Artificial intelligence (AI) promises a significant transformation of health care in all medical areas, which could represent "Gutenberg moment" for medicine. The future of medical specialties came largely from human interaction and creativity, forcing physicians to evolve and use AI as a tool in patient care. ⋯ The safety of repetitive activities will free up time for health personnel and will enhance the doctor-patient relationship, return to personalized attention and interaction with the patient, through accompaniment, communication, empathy, and trust during illness, activities that will never be replaced by AI. It is still necessary to standardize research in the area, which allows improving the quality of scientific evidence knowing its advantages and risks, accelerating its implementation in current medical practice.