Hippokratia
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Cancer cells present higher metabolic needs in comparison to their normal, non-neoplastic counterparts, consuming carbohydrates as a source of energy. Moreover, increased fatty acid biosynthesis is noted in many malignancies. In this regard, we investigated specific metabolic markers, the fatty acid synthase (FASN) which catalyzes fatty acid synthesis and the glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) which promotes glucose transport through the cellular membrane, in normal endometrium, endometrial hyperplasia, and endometrial malignancy. ⋯ GLUT1 and FASN expression demonstrated a gradual increase when advancing from endometrial hyperplasia to carcinoma. These findings suggest that both GLUT1 and FASN immunohistochemistry might be used as an adjunct in the differentiation between atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma in complex cases. HIPPOKRATIA 2017, 21(4): 169-174.
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Case Reports
Metastatic spread of cutaneous melanoma to the sigmoid colon: a rare but important consideration.
Cutaneous melanoma is known for its aggressive tendency for metastasis, most commonly to lymph nodes, lung, liver, and brain. ⋯ Once malignancy is included in the differential for any inflammatory type bowel lesion, arranging endoscopy and biopsy is essential to confirm the diagnosis and guide management. Multidisciplinary team discussion is recommended to determine the most appropriate treatment strategy - radical versus palliative, which must always consider the patient's performance status alongside cancer staging. HIPPOKRATIA 2017, 21(4): 194-196.
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Varicose vein disease is one of the most common inherited disorders worldwide that causes mental, cosmetic, medical, and socio-economic problems. Varicose vein formation is thought to be multifactorial and often develops through the interaction of environmental and genetic risk factors. Its incidence displays a trend parallel to the distribution of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of MTHFR C677T and A1298C mutations in Turkish patients with varicose veins. ⋯ Our findings display that the rates of MTHFR C677T and A1298C genotypes are similar between patients with varicose veins and healthy subjects in Turkish society. However, should FLV or PG G20210A polymorphisms accompany these polymorphisms, then there might be a tendency to development of superficial venous thrombosis. Further studies are required to support these findings. HIPPOKRATIA 2017, 21(4): 175-179.