Int J Med Sci
-
The outbreak of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 posed a great threat to global human health, which urgently requires us to understand comprehensively the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) was identified as a functional receptor for SARS-CoV-2, distribution of which may indicate the risk of different human organs vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Previous studies investigating the distribution of ACE2 mRNA in human tissues only involved a limited size of the samples and a lack of determination for ACE2 protein. ⋯ HIPED revealed enrichment of ACE2 protein in the placenta and ovary despite a low mRNA level. Further, human secretome shows that the average concentration of ACE2 protein in the plasma of males is higher than those in females. Our research will be beneficial for understanding the transmission routes and sex-based differences in susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
-
Background: As 2019 ends coronavirus disease start expanding all over the world. It is highly transmissible disease that can affect respiratory tract and can leads to organ failure. In 2020 it is declared by world health organization as "Public health emergency of international concerns". ⋯ Results: A Deep Neural Network model provides a significant contribution in terms of detecting COVID-19 and provides effective analysis of chest related diseases with respect to age and gender. Our model achieves 89% accuracy in terms of Gan based synthetic data and four different types of deep learning- based models which provided state of the art comparable results. Conclusion: If the gap in identifying of all viral pneumonias is not filled with effective automation of chest disease detection the healthcare industry may have to bear unfavorable circumstances.
-
The skin is one of the large organs in the human body and the most exposed to outdoor contaminants such as particulate matter < 2.5 µm (PM2.5). Recently, we reported that PM2.5 induced cellular macromolecule disruption of lipids, proteins, and DNA, via reactive oxygen species, eventually causing cellular apoptosis of human keratinocytes. In this study, the ethanol extract of Cornus officinalis fruit (EECF) showed anti-oxidant effect against PM2.5-induced cellular oxidative stress. ⋯ PM2.5 up-regulated intracellular and mitochondrial Ca2+ levels excessively, which led to mitochondrial depolarization and cellular apoptosis. However, EECF suppressed the PM2.5-induced excessive Ca2+ accumulation and inhibited apoptosis. The data confirmed that EECF greatly protected human HaCaT keratinocytes from PM2.5-induced oxidative stress.
-
Objectives: The study was aimed to assess γ‑glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity and concentration as a marker of oxidative stress induced by exposure to tobacco smoke in acute pancreatitis (AP) course. Examination of the relationship between GGT activity/concentration and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP rs5751901 and rs2236626) in GGT1 gene was performed. Subjects and methods: We examined SNPs in 38 AP patients and 51 healthy subjects by PCR-RFLP methods. ⋯ Conclusions: SNP rs5751901 and rs2236626 cause changes in GGT activity. Smoking in the AP course contributes to increased GGT activity and excessive GSH use up in patients with TC and CC genotypes for both SNPs. Exposure to smoke xenobiotics enhances (3-fold) the risk of AP occurrence in individuals with TC genotypes for SNP rs5751901.
-
Renal fibrosis is one of the main causes of chronic kidney disease. Many studies have focused on fibroblasts and myofibroblasts involved in renal fibrogenesis. Recently, several studies have reported that renal proximal tubule epithelial cells are possible initiators of renal fibrosis. ⋯ In particular, CK2α knockdown inhibited the expression of stress fibers and fibrosis-related proteins in P-cresol-treated TH1 cells. Furthermore, the knockdown of CK2α inhibited mitochondrial dysfunction and restored cellular senescence and cell cycle in P-cresol-treated TH1 cells. These results indicate that CK2α induces renal fibrosis through Pfn1, which makes CK2α a key target molecule in the treatment of fibrosis related to chronic kidney disease.