Int J Med Sci
-
Comparative Study
Comparison of Catheter Ablation in Patients with Paroxysmal Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.
Background: The efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has been established, but the efficacy and safety of cryoballoon ablation (CBA) and pulsed field ablation (PFA) remain unclear. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 223 patients with paroxysmal non-valvular AF and HFpEF who underwent their first AF ablation between January 2017 and December 2021 and were divided into RFA (n = 77), CBA (n = 127), and PFA (n = 19) groups. Results: After a mean follow-up of 11.2 ± 1.8 months, no significant differences were observed in the rates of AF recurrence among the groups (P = 0.964). ⋯ RFA and PFA were associated with improved quality of life, improved NYHA functional classification, reversal of atrial remodeling, and increased LVEF. While CBA improved quality of life and NYHA functional status, it did not reverse atrial remodeling or increase LVEF. ALB and NT-pro BNP levels were identified as independent predictors of AF recurrence post-ablation in HFpEF patients.
-
Background: Sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP) is characterized by a high recurrence rate and potential for malignant transformation. Although metabolic reprogramming plays a role in benign neoplasms, the specific metabolic pathways and biomarkers involved in SNIP pathogenesis remain unclear. Methods: RNA sequencing on paired SNIP and normal tissues identified altered genes with enzyme annotations and metabolic pathways by intersecting our cohort data (GSE270193, N=2) with the GSE193016 (N=4) dataset using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. ⋯ Validation in an independent cohort confirmed elevated protein levels of these markers, all positively correlated with EGFR in SNIP tissues. Notably, AKR1B10, CYP2C19, and CYP3A5 exhibited specific expression patterns distinguishing SNIP from sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion: Altered estrogen biosynthesis signaling plays a role in SNIP pathogenesis, revealing distinct biomarkers that could serve as novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for SNIP management.
-
Background: Myocardial injury is prone to occur during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, which further causes adverse cardiac events. Cardiomyopeptide (CMP) has been found to protect the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury. The present study will explore the molecular and signaling mechanisms associated with the therapeutic effects of CMP. ⋯ RNA-seq analysis results showed that PPARγ signaling pathway is a potential signaling pathway for CMP treatment of myocardial injury in rats. The experimental results showed that CMP can significantly up-regulate PPARγ expression in myocardial tissues, inhibit ischemia reperfusion-induced myocardial injury, and alleviate mitochondrial respiratory disorders. Conclusion: CMP can improve myocardial injury in rats by alleviating mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction and reducing myocardial tissue damage and inflammatory infiltration via the regulation of PPARγ signaling pathway.
-
Effective therapies for cognitive impairments induced by brain irradiation are currently lacking. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for radiation-induced brain injury in a randomized controlled experimental model using adult male Wistar rats. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups: 0 Gy whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) with normal baric air (NBA) treatment, 0 Gy WBRT with HBOT, 10 Gy WBRT with NBA, and 10 Gy WBRT with HBOT. ⋯ In addition, HBOT prevented and reversed the increased apoptosis among newborn neural stem cells and neuroblasts caused by 10 Gy WBRT on 7 days. The findings suggest that WBRT disrupts neurogenesis and enhance microgliosis, apoptosis of neuronal progenitors, and lipid peroxidation in the dentate gyrus, potentially leading to cognitive deficits and neuronal death. HBOT may offer a protective effect against these cognitive impairments and their underlying mechanisms in adult male rats following WBRT.
-
Excessive exercise can lead to fatigue, consequently affect exercise performance, and further have an adverse impact to human health. The synergistic effects of ginsenosides, salidroside, and syringin on improving exercise performance remain unknown. Hence, the effects of Chinese herb powder (CHP) which consisted of bioactive compounds such as ginsenosides (Rg1, Re, and Rb1), salidroside, and syringin on exercise performance, energy metabolism, tissue damage, antioxidant activity, and inflammatory cytokine were investigated in exhaustive exercise rats. ⋯ Abdominal arterial blood, liver, and gastrocnemius muscles were collected 4 hours after exhaustive exercise for further analysis. The high-dose CHP group increased the time to exhaustion, decreased serum lactate level, increased serum superoxide dismutase activity, and decreased liver interleukin-6 concentration. Therefore, CHP exhibits an anti-fatigue effect for prolonging the time to exhaustion through improving lactate clearance, and to a lesser extent, enhancing the capacity of antioxidation and anti-inflammation.