Int J Med Sci
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Background: Illustrating the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis as well as identifying specific biomarkers are of great significance. Methods: The original CEL files were obtain from Gene Expression Omnibus, then affymetrix package was used to preprocess the CEL files, the function of DEGs were investigated by multiple bioinformatics approach. Finally, typical HCC cell lines and tissue samples were using to validate the role of CDC6 in vitro. ⋯ Furthermore, we recognized that miR-215-5p, could directly bind to the 3'UTR of CDC6. In addition, CDC6 promoted proliferation via regulation of G1 phase checkpoint and was negative regulated by miR-215-5p to involve in the proliferation of HCC. Conclusion: Our study suggested that CDC6 served as a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Purpose: Dynamic [11C]-acetate positron emission tomography (PET) can be used to study tissue perfusion and carbon flux simultaneously. In this study, the feasibility of the quantification of prostate cancer aggressiveness using parametric methods assessing [11C]-acetate kinetics was investigated in prostate cancer subjects. The underlying uptake mechanism correlated with [11C]-acetate influx and efflux measured in real-time in vitro in cell culture. ⋯ Conclusion: Parametric images could be used to visualize the [11C]-acetate kinetics of the prostate cancer exhibiting elevated extraction associated with the cancer aggressiveness. The influx rate of [11C]-acetate studied in cell culture also showed dependence on the cancer aggressiveness associated with elevated lipogenesis. Dynamic [11C]-acetate/PET demonstrated potential for prostate cancer aggressiveness estimation using parametric-based K1 and VT values.
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Aging is the most important current issue and is usually accompanied by complications, such as cardiovascular disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, which are the leading causes of death worldwide and the second major cause of death in Taiwan. In this study, we have investigated the protective effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) and the role of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in enhancing this effect in aging cerebral cortex of rats. Further, we attempted to elucidate the molecular mechanism through which EGCG influences the protective effects of ADSC. ⋯ Moreover, it increased the available brain-derived neurotrophic factor to a higher degree than that in the ADSC group. Furthermore, western blotting showed that EGCG improved the antioxidant activity of the ADSCs in the cortex tissues via the Nrf-2 and HO-1 pathway. Based on these findings, we propose that this variation in stem cell treatment may facilitate functional recovery and enhanced neuroprotection in aged brains.
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Confocal Raman microspectral imaging was adopted to elucidate the cellular drug responses of osteosarcoma cells (OC) to N-[N-(3, 5-difluorophenyl acetyl)-L-alanyl]-sphenylglycine butyl ester (DAPT), a γ-secretase inhibitor, by identifying the drug induced subcellular compositional and structural changes. Methods: Spectral information were acquired from cultured osteosarcoma cells treated with 0 (Untreated Group, UT), 10 (10 μM DAPT treated, 10T), 20 μM (20 μM DAPT treated, 20T) DAPT for 24 hours. A one-way ANOVA and Tukey's honest significant difference (HSD) post hoc multiple test were sequentially applied to address spectral features among three groups. ⋯ In an addition, DAPT-induced nuclear fragmentation and apoptosis was depicted by the univariate Raman image of major cellular components (nucleic acids, proteins and lipids). Conclusions: The achieved Raman spectral and imaging results illustrated detailed DAPT-induced subcellular compositional and structural variations as a function of drug dose. Such observations can not only explain drug therapeutic mechanisms of OC DAPT treatment, and also provide new insights for accessing the medicine curative efficacy and predicting prognosis.
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In order to investigate the altered expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), the aberrantly expressed miRNAs in the concanavalin A (Con A)-induced AIH mouse model were identified for the first time with microarray in this study. A total of 49 miRNAs (31 up- and 18 down-regulated) were screened out, and the qRT-PCR validation results of 12 chosen miRNAs were consistent with the microarray data. Combined with the profiling of differently expressed mRNAs in the same model (data not shown), 959 predicted target genes (601 for up- and 358 for down-regulated miRNAs) were obtained according to the intersection of databases miRWalk and miRDB, and several hub genes were obtained from the regulatory networks, including Cadm1 and Mier3. ⋯ In the miRNA-GO-network, mmu-miR-193b-3p were exhibited in 33 GO terms of biological processes (BP), and the most significantly regulated GO term in BP categories was "regulation of transcription, DNA-templated". While in the miRNA-pathway-network, mmu-miR-7005-5p were enriched in 37 pathways, which was more than the other specifically expressed miRNAs, and the most significantly enriched pathways were "Endocytosis" and "MAPK signaling pathway". In conclusion, these differently expressed miRNAs seemed to be associated with the onset of AIH, and have the potential to serve as the new targets on the treatment of this disease.