Int J Med Sci
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Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are both major health burdens worldwide. There is a suspected link between the two conditions, but the nature of the relationship is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of T2DM in patients with HBV, compared to matched non-HBV patients. ⋯ Through multivariate analysis, we identified age, obesity, smoking, and specific HBV-related parameters, such as chronic active disease or evidence of advanced fibrosis at presentation, as independent risk factors for T2DM in HBV patients. Conclusions: This study revealed a higher prevalence of T2DM in HBV patients compared to controls, and identified specific risk factors associated with T2DM in HBV patients. Enhanced screening and management of metabolic risk factors should be considered in this population.
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RAC1, a member of the Rho family GTPases, has been implicated in various cancers, yet its pan-cancer landscape and role in the tumor immune microenvironment remain underexplored. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of RAC1 across 33 cancer types, revealing its high expression in a broad range of cancers and its association with poor prognosis. RAC1 expression correlates with genomic alterations, including CNVs, TMB, and MSI. ⋯ Functional enrichment analysis showed that high RAC1 expression is linked to lower enrichment in B cell activation and immune response pathways. Single-cell transcriptome analysis identified RAC1 expression primarily in epithelial cells, associated with tumor progression, and spatial transcriptome analysis showed a mutually exclusive co-localization between B cell infiltration regions and RAC1-expressing epithelial cells. Based on RAC1 expression and B cell interaction, a prognostic signature was established to predict prognosis at the pan-cancer level.
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Introduction and Importance: Some experimental studies on brain injury associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) reveal a positive effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). However, in clinical medicine, most of the scientific evidence available in the current literature relates only to TBI. Methods: The primary objective is to empirically assess the efficacy of HBOT in mitigating the symptoms of disability associated with brain injury in children, with a view to elucidating its therapeutic potential and clinical benefits. ⋯ Conclusion: Results of our study demonstrate both clinical and statistically significant patient response to HBOT. Our data also suggest that the earlier HBOT started after diagnosis up to 4 weeks, the more pronounced patients' response to HBOT was achieved. The provision of HBOT to pediatric patients is feasible in large regional hyperbaric centers.
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Background: The finger photoplethysmography fitness index (PPGF), a marker of peripheral vascular function, has been linked to heart rate (HR) variability. However, the influence of acute HR changes on resting PPGF, a purported indicator of local blood flow, remains unclear. Objective: This study aimed to determine the influence of acute HR changes on resting PPGF. ⋯ Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that PPGF accurately reflects local blood flow, unaffected by short-term HR variations. This study supports the use of PPGF as a reliable marker for vascular health and age assessment, even in individuals with fluctuating HR, such as older adults with multiple comorbidities. Further research is warranted to establish the applicability of PPGF in younger, healthier populations.
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Background: Recent research emphasizes the significant regulatory functions of epigenetic alterations and post-translational modifications (PTMs) in the ferroptosis process. Despite the existing volume of literature, there is a remarkable shortage of comprehensive analyses that systematically trace the evolution of research, map key investigative routes, evaluate the current situation of the field, determine central themes, and predict future directions. This study intends to offer a comprehensive summary of the progress achieved during the past 12 years in comprehending how epigenetic modifications and PTMs regulate ferroptosis. ⋯ The journal Cell Death & Disease leads in terms of publication volume, having published the greatest number of articles related to this area. This study identified hepatocellular carcinoma, mitochondrial diseases, and iron overload as the most prominent diseases explored in this research domain. Conclusion: This meticulous scientometric assessment is beneficial to both experienced researchers and newcomers by providing essential information and facilitating the derivation of innovative concepts in this field.