Isr Med Assoc J
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Endovascularly retrieved clots may be a potential resource for diagnosing stroke etiology. This method may influence secondary prevention treatment. ⋯ We concluded that an assay measuring the change in thrombin in clots retrieved during acute stroke endovascular thrombectomy procedures may serve as a diagnostic marker of the origin of the clot. The suggested mechanism for these differences may be the clot location before its retrieval, with high blood flow causing thrombin washout in atherosclerotic clots, in contrast to atrium appendage low blood flow retaining high thrombin levels.
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The exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality from respiratory, cardiovascular, and other causes. A major contribution to this adverse effect is attributed to particles at the nanoscale range (ultrafine particles [UFP] particles < 100 nm). Most of the information about human exposure to PM has been collected by environmental monitoring of inhaled particles. ⋯ To the best of my knowledge, this study is the first to report a distinct IS-UFP profile in patients with MGI, which suggest an interaction effect of EI and NI on the IS-UFP content. This finding may further support the consideration of MGI as a distinct inflammatory phenotype, beyond the simple combination of EI and NI independently. In addition, reduced PFT parameters were associated with a specific change in the IS-UFP profile. The results of this study may shed light on the use of IS-UFP content as a biomarker for lungs inflammation and functional impairment. Further prospective studies are needed to establish a cause and effect relationship between lungs inflammation and functional impairment to the IS-UFP content.
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The chloride intracellular channel (CLIC) protein family consists of six members in humans. CLICs are unique due to their metamorphic property, displaying both soluble and integral membrane forms. The transmembrane conformation was shown to give rise to ion-channel activity in vitro. In recent years, CLICs were implicated in a growing number of physiological processes in various organ systems and associated with distinct disease states. Indeed, the founding member of the family, CLIC5, was shown to be involved in hereditary deafness and various types of cancer. Nevertheless, the natural interactants and endogenous ligands of CLIC5 have not been discovered yet. ⋯ Using the approach we developed, large libraries of small molecules can be screened efficiently to identify novel CLIC5 interactants. Considering the participation of CLIC5 in various physiological and pathological processes, uncovering ligands that inhibit or activate CLIC5 may provide tools to modulate its activity and possibly to ameliorate CLIC5-related pathologies in the future.
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School closures due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak affected students physically, socially, and psychologically with an increase in the number of children and adolescent presenting with anxiety, depression, and drug abuse. ⋯ Many children developed educational, social, emotional, and behavioral gaps during LD, and they lost skills to deal with everyday problems due to social isolation. It is important to follow the long-term impact of the lockdowns and social isolation.