J Formos Med Assoc
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This study reported our experience of bedside patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligation for prematurity in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Between April 1992 and March 2006, 41 very-low-birth-weight premature infants underwent PDA ligation in the NICU. There were 18 male and 23 female infants. ⋯ In conclusion, bedside PDA ligation in the NICU is safe and effective. It can avoid transportation of critically ill, very small infants. We suggest surgical closure as the primary treatment in very-low-birth-weight infants who are ventilator-dependent to avoid the possible complications of indomethacin and prolonged intubation.
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In a patient infected with HIV-1, the presence of latently infected cells from which the virus can be reactivated and rekindle HIV infection in the patient necessitates lifelong administration of antiretroviral treatment. The biology of HIV latency and viral silencing is now becoming clearer at a molecular and cellular level. ⋯ Attempts to therapeutically reactivate the virus in infected patients have yielded disappointing results. This article reviews the research and clinical findings and discusses current thinking on the subject of HIV latency and reactivation.
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Depression is a major health concern, often treated by non-psychiatrists. This study assessed self-reported knowledge, attitudes and treatment practices of non-psychiatric physicians in the recognition and management of depression. ⋯ Our study suggests that non-psychiatrists may also play a role in the care of depression, but identifying and managing depression can be a challenge to them. Attitudinal barriers, confidence, and knowledge of treatment may compromise the physicians ability to manage depression. Future interventions and educational efforts need to address each of these issues.
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Comparative Study
Mass screening of suspected febrile patients with remote-sensing infrared thermography: alarm temperature and optimal distance.
Detection of fever has become an essential step in identifying patients who may have severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) or avian influenza. This study evaluated infrared thermography (IRT) and compared the influence of different imagers, ambient temperature discrepancy, and the distance between the subject and imager. ⋯ The temperature readings obtained by IRT may be used as a proxy for core temperature. An effective IRT system with a strict operating protocol can be rapidly implemented at the entrance of a hospital during SARS or avian influenza epidemics.