J Natl Med Assoc
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The Influence of Adding Diphenhydramine Before Initiation of Moderate Sedation with Midazolam and Pethidine for Improving Quality of Colonoscopy.
Combination of Intravenous benzodiazepines with opiates appears to be essential in order to guarantee high quality of moderate sedation during colonoscopy. Diphenhydramine is recommended for endoscopic procedures in difficult-to-sedate patients However, the studies supporting its use have yielded conflicting results. ⋯ Intravenous diphenhydramine hydrochloride given before initiation of midazolam and pethidine offers a significant Improvement of Quality of moderate Sedation during colonoscopy without increasing the number of sedation related complications.
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Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive disease not specific to one race. This study aims to assess knowledge about the inheritance pattern of sickle cell disease among college students in the Metropolitan Detroit area. An electronic survey was administered to undergraduate students at Oakland University, and first through fourth year medical students at Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine (OUWB). ⋯ Most respondents (75%) think people should know if they have sickle cell trait/disease before marriage. The result shows that most respondents believe sickle cell disease is specific to African-Americans. However, because it is equally possible for all races to inherit this disease, knowing one's status could help prevent sickle cell-related deaths during rigorous exercises and enable individuals of reproductive age to make informed reproductive decisions in order to decrease sickle cell disease prevalence, and its associated financial and psychosocial burdens.
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A recent review by Zhang et al. published in the "Journal of the National Medical Association" focused on the major and emerging strategies for the prevention of stroke. We would highlight the evolving role of breastfeeding as an efficient intervention in primary prevention of such cardiovascular disease, including in black women.
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Although there is a disparity in the rates of fatal police shootings of Black victims compared to White victims throughout the nation, the magnitude of this racial disparity varies widely between cities. Examining the reasons behind this vast variation in the racial disparity in fatal police shootings across different localities could be helpful in identifying the underlying causes of this problem. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess potential causes of the Black-White racial disparities in police shootings at the city level. ⋯ Racial residential segregation is a significant predictor of the magnitude of the Black-White disparity in fatal police shootings at the city level. Efforts to ameliorate the problem of fatal police violence must move beyond the individual level and consider the interaction between law enforcement officers and the neighborhoods that they police.
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a relatively frequent inflammatory autoimmune illness of the central nervous system affecting about 2.5 million people around the world, and represents the most common cause of neurological disability among young adults. Indeed, the disease can affect sensory-motor, autonomic and cognitive function potentially leading to a high prevalence of sexual dysfunction (SD). Thus, the identification of barriers to help seeking for sexual concerns in patients with MS is an important, although still overlooked, issue. Aim of this overview is to briefly investigate the role of sexual counselling in managing SD in individuals with MS, highlighting the importance for the clinicians to get more knowledge about; the pathophysiology, assessment and treatment of MS-related SD.