J Natl Med Assoc
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Randomized Controlled Trial
An 8-week exercise study to improve cancer treatment related fatigue and QOL among African American breast cancer patients undergoing radiation treatment: A pilot randomized clinical trial.
Cancer treatment related fatigue (CTRF) is one of the most debilitating side effects of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT). Several studies have found that physical activity (PA) may be an effective intervention to decrease fatigue and enhance QOL in cancer survivors. The primary objective of the PEDLAR study is to test the feasibility of an easily administered 8-week structured moderate-intensity PA intervention, delivered concurrently with RT, in reducing CTRF and improving health-related QOL among African-American breast cancer patients. This study is also designed to provide pilot data on the acceptability and adherence of PA interventions in African-American women with breast cancer. ⋯ African-American breast cancer patients in a moderate-intensity 75 min/wk aerobic exercise intervention had marginally lower fatigue at 8-wk follow-up compared to baseline. The control group participants had marginally higher fatigue at 8-wk follow-up compared to baseline. Participants in the intervention group reported slightly better quality of life at 8-wk follow-up compared to baseline (P = 0.06).
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A Feasibility Study of Smoking Cessation Utilizing an Exercise Intervention among Black Women: 'Quit and Fit'.
Women who engage in higher levels of exercise while trying to quit smoking have been shown to be less likely to relapse and to sustain their smoking abstinence longer. This study sought to examine the benefits of exercise for improving smoking cessation among Black women. ⋯ The overall retention rate was 71% (27/38) at 12 weeks with higher among the intervention group (16/20; 80%) compared to the control group (11/18; 61%). The study demonstrates that it is feasible to retain African-American women in a short-term study of smoking cessation and exercise.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Remote Versus in-Person Exercise Instruction for Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain Lasting 12 Weeks or Longer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Low back pain is a common health problem. We compared the effects of a remote exercise instruction with in-person exercise instruction on the pain and disability of people with nonspecific low back pain for more than 12 weeks. ⋯ There was no measurable difference between an exercise program delivered remotely compared to in-person.
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Editorial Randomized Controlled Trial
Tomosynthesis mammographic Imaging Screening Trial (TMIST): An Invitation and Opportunity for the National Medical Association Community to Shape the Future of Precision Screening for Breast Cancer.
To determine the best screening modality for breast cancer, a large randomized clinical trial is underway to compare the mammographic accuracy between the standard digital and tomosynthesis mammography. The Tomosynthesis Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial (TMIST) is also building the world's largest biorepository of breast cancer specimens from all biopsies at screening and wants to ensure it is representative of the US population. ⋯ The outcome of the trial will help to advance precision screening, individually tailoring screening decisions based on breast density, tumor subtyping and genomics. The partnership with NMA is essential to building trust, dispelling misconceptions about clinical trials in the community as well as to support a cadre of African American physicians and researchers who can contribute to the current understanding of the social determinants of breast cancer.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The Influence of Adding Diphenhydramine Before Initiation of Moderate Sedation with Midazolam and Pethidine for Improving Quality of Colonoscopy.
Combination of Intravenous benzodiazepines with opiates appears to be essential in order to guarantee high quality of moderate sedation during colonoscopy. Diphenhydramine is recommended for endoscopic procedures in difficult-to-sedate patients However, the studies supporting its use have yielded conflicting results. ⋯ Intravenous diphenhydramine hydrochloride given before initiation of midazolam and pethidine offers a significant Improvement of Quality of moderate Sedation during colonoscopy without increasing the number of sedation related complications.