J Postgrad Med
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Comparative Study
Is routine pre-entry chest radiograph necessary in a high tuberculosis prevalence country?
Chest radiographs have been used worldwide as a screening tool before employment and training, by various healthcare and other government and nongovernment institutions. Many studies done in the past have demonstrated a relatively low yield for tuberculosis detection and therefore, the authors have questioned this practice. ⋯ In a country where the prevalence of tuberculosis is high, the pre-employment chest radiograph may still have a role in detecting tuberculosis in the post-exposure group.
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A cross-sectional study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of morbidities in communities residing at variable distances from the closed down insecticide manufacturing plant premises of Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL), Bhopal, India and to determine association of morbidities, if any, with their drinking water usage pattern and distance of localities from the UCIL plant. ⋯ By and large similar pattern of morbidities were recorded in the two strata suggesting that the communities, irrespective of the distance of their residences from UCIL plant or sources of their drinking water, are equally vulnerable to various morbidities.
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Hypertension is one of the leading causes of premature deaths worldwide. Drivers have an additional risk of hypertension when compared to the general population because of the nature of their profession. Hence, the current review was done to estimate the global burden of hypertension among professional drivers. ⋯ More than one-third of drivers have hypertension globally which is in excess of the general population. Hence, more focus needs to be given for allocating resources and developing workplace interventions for prevention and control of hypertension.
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Observational Study
The predictors of outcome and progression of pediatric sepsis and septic shock: A prospective observational study from western India.
There is a paucity of studies on the progression and outcome of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) with its determinants. ⋯ SIRS can progress to septic shock if not identified early. The predictors of mortality were positive blood cultures, multiorgan dysfunction, late hospital admissions, severe acute malnutrition, and requirement of supportive care. The predictors of progression to septic shock were abnormal leukocyte count, culture positivity, and severe acute malnutrition.
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Case Reports
Fulminant amebic colitis: An unusual postoperative complication of intraabdominal malignancy.
Amebiasis caused by protozoa Entamoeba histolytica (EH) is the third leading parasitic cause of human mortality. Although amebiasis is endemic in India, only about 10% of the infected individuals manifest disease. Clinical spectrum of amebiasis ranges from asymptomatic colonization to amebic colitis to hemorrhagic and fulminant colitis. ⋯ Host factors such as immunocompromised states may make an individual susceptible to develop symptomatic infection. Malignancies usually result in chronic debilitation which may make the individual prone to develop invasive amebiasis with rapid progression. We report two cases of invasive amebiasis which developed a fulminant course in the immediate postoperative period after abdominal surgeries for visceral malignancies.