J Postgrad Med
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Maternal infections can affect the placenta, which acts as a fetomaternal barrier. This study aimed to determine the spectrum of morphologic alterations in the placentas of pregnancies complicated by SARS-CoV-2 infection and the impact on fetal or neonatal outcomes. ⋯ Placental injury at the microscopic level was observed but was neither significant nor specific to the SARS-CoV-2 infection. SARS CoV-2 infection did not influence the placental pathology. Also, no adverse neonatal outcomes were observed.
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Ventricular mural thrombi are rare occurrences and form one of the common mechanical complications of myocardial infarctions. They also occur in patients with nonischemic myocardial disorders and even in those devoid of cardiac diseases. Clinical detection often depends on the size of the thrombi. ⋯ Ventricular thrombi should be ruled out in patients with evidence of systemic and/or pulmonary thromboembolism, even in those without any cardiac disorders.
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Sleep apnea in end-stage renal disease patients: Impact on cardiovascular and neurological outcomes.
Sleep apnea (SA) is an important comorbidity in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The association between SA and cardiac and neurological disease is known. This study investigates the relationship between SA and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular outcomes in the ESRD population. ⋯ In the ESRD population, a diagnosis of central SA or obstructive SA increased the risk of stroke, but not MI. Early identification and treatment of SA in the ESRD population may help reduce the risk of stroke in these patients.
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This retrospective study analyzed the quality of 1069 referral letters written by school principals to our learning disability clinic. Utilizing a self-devised checklist having four domains (with 26 items), the audit revealed that in only nine (34.6%) items, the necessary information was available in >90% of referral letters.
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Case Reports
Primary diffuse leptomeningeal primitive neuroectodermal tumor presenting as chronic meningitis.
Primary diffuse leptomeningeal primitive neuroectodermal tumor is a rare meningeal neoplasm which can masquerade as chronic meningitis. While the clinical presentation and radiological features may provide a clue to this condition, meningeal biopsy is essential to clinch the diagnosis. ⋯ We present the case of a nine year old boy who was initiated on antituberculous treatment for chronic meningitis with hydrocephalus. Meningeal biopsy revealed a primary diffuse leptomeningeal primitive neuroectodermal tumor.