J Postgrad Med
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Maternal infections can affect the placenta, which acts as a fetomaternal barrier. This study aimed to determine the spectrum of morphologic alterations in the placentas of pregnancies complicated by SARS-CoV-2 infection and the impact on fetal or neonatal outcomes. ⋯ Placental injury at the microscopic level was observed but was neither significant nor specific to the SARS-CoV-2 infection. SARS CoV-2 infection did not influence the placental pathology. Also, no adverse neonatal outcomes were observed.
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We present a 19-year-old woman, a case of Lemierre syndrome, who presented with fever, sore throat, and left shoulder pain. Imaging revealed a thrombus in the right internal jugular vein, multiple nodular shadows below both pleura with some cavitations, right lung necrotizing pneumonia, pyothorax, abscess in the infraspinatus muscle, and multiloculated fluid collections in the left hip joint. ⋯ The fistula was identified based on clinical symptoms and computed tomography scan findings. If a bronchopleural fistula is present, thoracic lavage should not be performed as it may cause complications such as contralateral pneumonia due to reflux.
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We report a 2.2 year-old-boy, born of consanguineous marriage, referred for short stature, with history of neonatal death and skeletal deformities in his older sibling. Rhizo-mesomelic dwarfism was detected antenatally. Within 24 hours of birth, he developed multiple seizures. ⋯ Skeletal survey radiograph revealed shallow acetabuli, short femurs and humerus, short, broad metacarpals and short cone-shaped phalanges with cupping of phalangeal bases. Clinical exome analysis revealed homozygous mutations involving the POC1A gene and the SLC13A5 gene responsible for SOFT syndrome and Kohlschutter-Tonz syndrome respectively, which were inherited from the parents. Both these syndromes are extremely rare, and their co-occurrence is being reported for the first time.
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Case Reports
Primary diffuse leptomeningeal primitive neuroectodermal tumor presenting as chronic meningitis.
Primary diffuse leptomeningeal primitive neuroectodermal tumor is a rare meningeal neoplasm which can masquerade as chronic meningitis. While the clinical presentation and radiological features may provide a clue to this condition, meningeal biopsy is essential to clinch the diagnosis. ⋯ We present the case of a nine year old boy who was initiated on antituberculous treatment for chronic meningitis with hydrocephalus. Meningeal biopsy revealed a primary diffuse leptomeningeal primitive neuroectodermal tumor.
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Raw area on the breast, especially when it is lactating, can lead to complications, including hyperprolactinemia and development of milk fistulae. A 25-year-old female presented with raw area over the left breast after 2 months of childbirth. She had history suggestive of necrotizing disease, which had primarily been managed elsewhere with debridement and dressings. ⋯ The blebs were drained and oral cabergoline was administered for 3 months. The skin graft healed well. If expression of breast milk is not possible then suppression of lactation should be considered before definitive cover of the raw area of breast.