J Res Med Sci
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Several studies have investigated the prevalence of osteoporosis among general population in several parts of Iran. However, the results have been inconsistent. This meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the overall prevalence of osteoporosis. ⋯ This meta-analysis indicated that osteoporosis and osteopenia are common problems among Iranian population older than 30 years. Furthermore, increasing trend of the diseases in recent years is promising a critical public health problem in Iran in the near future. However, due to the heterogeneity between the studies' results, further evidence based on a national survey is needed to estimate the exact prevalence of the diseases in the country.
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Kidney stone is normally treated by opioids with a variety of side-effects including hypotension, respiratory depression and apnea, nausea and vomiting. Regarding less complications of intravenous acetaminophen, we aimed to compare it with intravenous morphine in management of renal colic pain. ⋯ Comparing intravenous morphine and acetaminophen in renal colic pain reviled that morphine can develop greater pain relief, but more complications such as dizziness and hypotension. Acetaminophen can be also be effective in renal colic pain, so it is concluded that acetaminophen can be administered as a less harmful drug for patients with renal colic pain.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of lidocaine solution in the cuff of the endotracheal tube in reducing mucosal damage following tracheal intubation. ⋯ The inflation of the tracheal tube cuff with lidocaine was superior to air in decreasing the incidence of mucosal damage in the 24 h and 48 h post intubation.
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Case Reports
Ulnar aplasia, dysplastic radius and preaxial oligodactyly: Rare longitudinal limb defect in a sporadic male child.
Ulnar hypoplasia is a rare longitudinal limb deficiency in which the ulna shows various degrees of deficiency. The condition is normally associated with radial defects, and in severe cases there is a reduction of postaxial/ulnar digits. Ulnar deficiency is an integral part of several syndromic malformations like Weyer's oligodactyly syndrome, limb/pelvis hypoplasia/aplasia syndrome, and ulnar-mammary syndrome. ⋯ Roentgenographic study revealed rudimentary ulna, dysplastic and posteriorly dislocated radius, crowding of carpals, and complete absence of digit rays of the thumb and index finger. Despite this anomaly, the subject could manage his daily life activities well. We present detailed clinical features and differential diagnosis of this rare limb malformation.