Natl Med J India
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Osteoporosis, a silently progressing metabolic bone disease that leads to loss of bone mass, is widely prevalent in India and osteoporotic fractures are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in adult Indian men and women. This review of the international patterns of osteoporosis reveals two distinctive clinical features of this disease in Indians. Firstly, hip fractures occur at a relatively earlier age in Indian males and females, compared to their western counterparts; and secondly, a higher male-to-female ratio suggests that Indian males are at a higher risk for hip fractures. ⋯ With the increase in life expectancy, osteoporosis has become a formidable public health problem in India and a multidisciplinary approach is needed to identify its aetiological factors and devise strategies for mass prevention of calcium and vitamin D deficiency (possibly by fortification of food with these nutrients). Another issue that needs to be addressed is the social dogma against hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. These measures, coupled with health education of the masses, should help promote bone health and control osteoporosis in India.