Niger J Clin Pract
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In sickle cell anemia patients (SCA), the spleen suffers multiple occlusion of its microvasculature causing ischemia and subsequently autosplenectomy. Among the functions of the spleen is the production of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) which has several immunological roles. This function could be impaired in these patients. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the extent to which autosplenectomy affects the immunity of SCA patients as reflected by the level of IFN-γ, frequency of infections, and crises (vaso-occlusive, hemolytic, aplastic) in these patients. ⋯ This study showed a higher prevalence of infection and bone pain crisis among SCA patients with autosplenectomy than in SCA patients without autosplenectomy. It also showed comparable level of IFN-γ in the 2 groups of patients. Patients with autosplenectomy may benefit from early institution of drugs such as hydroxyurea to improve quality of life.
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Observational Study
Molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from rural community settings in Trinidad and Tobago.
To determine the virulence and antimicrobial resistant genes in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates recovered from patients attending two rural health centers in Trinidad and Tobago. ⋯ SCCmec type IV and the pvl genes were common among the MRSA isolates from the community. The hla gene was found infrequently, but none of the isolates possessed the tst 1 gene. Knowledge of this is important for robust surveillance of such cases from the community in the country.
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In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of the patients with anal melanoma (AM), who underwent surgical treatment. ⋯ LE with adjuvant radiation seems to offer good locoregional control without reducing the survival and may be an option of treatment for patients with small, superficial AM. However, APR should be offered for patients with locally advanced disease or as a salvage following recurrence.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Resin infiltration technique and fluoride varnish on white spot lesions in children: Preliminary findings of a randomized clinical trial.
To clinically assess the efficacy of resin infiltration versus fluoride varnish for arresting white spot lesions (WSLs) on permanent teeth in children. ⋯ Resin infiltration and fluoride varnish are clinically feasible and efficacious methods for the treatment of anterior WSLs. The inhibition of caries progression by resin infiltration should now be considered an alternative to fluoride treatment.
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Comparative Study Observational Study
Vitamin D deficiency in patients with stages 1 and 2 chronic kidney disease in Southern China.
We aim to investigate the incidence and associated factors of vitamin D deficiency, a seldom reported factor, in patients with stages 1 and 2 chronic kidney disease (CKD) in southern China. ⋯ Poor vitamin D status is common in patients with stages 1 and 2 CKD in southern China. The incidence of vitamin D deficiency is 39.8%. High serum GGT level, dyslipidemia, 24-hour UPE ≥3.5 g/24 hrs, and treatment with glucocorticoids are independent associated factors of vitamin D deficiency.