Niger J Clin Pract
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Review Case Reports
Congenital pulmonary airway malformation: A case report of a rare cause of neonatal respiratory distress and review of the literature.
Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM), formerly known as congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM), is a rare developmental dysplastic lesion of the fetal tracheobronchial tree. CPAM is a rare cause of neonatal respiratory distress; however, its presence may span fetal to adult period. In two previous case-reports from Nigeria, CPAM was present in post-neonatal infants. ⋯ A revised diagnosis of CPAM was made after a chest computed tomography (CT) scan. The neonate subsequently had a successful excision of the affected lobe with remarkable clinical improvement. The case highlights the need to utilize superior imaging studies such as CT when plain radiographs are inconclusive.
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Comparative Study Observational Study
Comparison of two multifraction radiotherapy schedules in management of painful bone metastases: A single institution prospective study.
Metastatic disease of bone is a common complication of most of the advanced malignancies. The majority of patients with bone metastases (BM) experience pain during their disease course and pain control can significantly improve their quality of life. Radiotherapy (RT) is an important modality in the management of BM and different schedules are followed worldwide. ⋯ A shorter treatment schedule (5 fractions) was equally efficacious as the standard schedule (10 fractions) in our setting. With the advantage of shorter overall treatment time and avoidance of re-irradiation, this schedule may be favourable for high volume centres.
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To evaluate the diagnostic abilities of near-infrared light transillumination (using the DIAGNOcam) and bitewing radiographs in detecting cavitated proximal carious lesions in primary molars. ⋯ The DIAGNOcam showed higher sensitivity and better accuracy than bitewing radiographs in diagnosing cavitated proximal lesions in primary molars and can be generally considered as an alternative to radiographs to detect cavitation without the hazards of ionizing radiation in children.
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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a pandemic disease affecting all regions across the globe and Nigeria having the second highest prevalence worldwide. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has profound negative effect on the optic nerve even though (HAART) has improved the health status of the affected individuals and overall reduction in mortality. Imaging modality especially ultrasound has a great role in the assessment of the optic nerve because of its availability, affordability, and easy operability with reliable sensitivity. ⋯ ONSD values among HIV-positive patients are significantly higher in the left eye and among female subjects. Also, patients with HIV on HAART have thicker optic nerves when compared with general population in Kano, Nigeria.
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The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of casein phosphopeptides (CPP)-ACPF, NovaMin+ fluoride-containing toothpaste and Xylitol+ fluoride containing cream on demineralized areas on the enamel surface. ⋯ Remineralization was provided in all treated groups, according to the data obtained from all tests. NovaMin was more effective in increasing acid resistance. It was also found that all three experimental groups were effective in increasing the surface hardness, but CPP-ACPF and NovaMin are more effective than Xylitol. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the experimental groups.