Niger J Clin Pract
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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional gastrointestinal disease. The prevalence of IBS is estimated to be 11.2% worldwide and even though it is not a life-threatening condition, it affects the quality of life and results in an economic burden on the healthcare system. According to the Rome III criteria, IBS is described as abdominal pain that improves with defecation and the onset of the pain is associated with a change in stool frequency or consistency that cannot be explained by any biochemical or structural abnormality. ⋯ In this study, a high prevalence of IBS in the Central Saudi Arabia population was observed along with the presence of some modifiable risk factors, yet, the sample size was small which shows the need for more studies in this area particularly on the general population.
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To evaluate the knowledge level of individuals who attended a first aid training update program, and to determine the factors affecting their approaches in such cases. ⋯ It was determined that individuals had a high level of knowledge about basic first aid and one-quarter of the participants had administered first aid in the last three years. In order for individuals not to lose their knowledge and skills gained through first aid training; updating training and providing first aid training programs to individuals in society can be a guide for bystanders who provide faster and sufficient first aid in cases of emergency.
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Nigeria ranks second globally with a HIV/AIDS prevalence of 3.2%. HIV infected children are surviving to adolescence because of anti-retroviral therapy, but many do not know why they need to take these medicines. Disclosure is critical to long-term disease management, yet, if, how and when caregivers and or health professionals disclose to children is not well known in resource-limited settings. The barriers to disclosure remain largely undocumented. ⋯ The prevalence of full disclosure is low and several barriers prevent early disclosure. Caregiver's and HCWs need empowerment with culturally appropriate skills and platforms to increase disclosure rates, which may help improve adherence.
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Osteoarthritis secondary to osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a common presentation in patients with sickle cell disease. Functional limitations with or without deformities from these complications of sickle cell disease often require Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) to improve outcome. ⋯ THA is a viable and effective treatment modality for sickle cell disease patients with osteonecrosis and secondary hip osteoarthritis. The choice of surgical approach does not affect the outcome.
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In midwifery practice, the education model used for skill acquisition is extremely important for the management of students' stress, anxiety and self-efficacy. Innovative practices aim to improve the students' cognitive, emotional and psychomotor skills, and new research needs to be performed to evaluate the results of such practices. ⋯ The results indicate that students have a high level of self-efficacy using the daily life activities model, engaging in 8 hours of clinical practice, performing clinical practice under the supervision of a midwife or a nurse.