Niger J Clin Pract
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Perinatal and neonatal care for very low birth weight (VLBW) infants have changed significantly during the past two decades. However, it is unclear how these changes have affected neonatal mortality and morbidity in developing countries. ⋯ Active perinatal care is associated with improvements in survival and survival free of BPD for VLBW infants. However, late-onset sepsis is still a major concern.
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Comparative Study
Ultrasound evaluation of testicular vein diameter in suspected cases of varicocele: Comparison of measurements in supine and upright positions.
Scrotal ultrasonography has high sensitivity in the detection of intra-scrotal abnormalities. Various ultrasonographic parameters such as the spermatic cord diameter, venous diameter, and venous retrograde flow in either supine or upright positions with or without Valsalva maneuver have been investigated to assess patients suspected of having varicocele. ⋯ The upright position is more predictive of varicocele in scrotal ultrasound examination for suspected cases of varicocele. We recommend an upright position where one position is to be used.
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Open appendectomy (OA) has been the gold standard for a long time. Laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) has gained wide acceptance and popularity, outdoing open approach. Yet, conversion may be required when laparoscopic approach fails. ⋯ Preoperative evaluation of appendix diameter is a quick and useful method for a surgeon to distinguish cases with risk of conversion in the emergency department. The other risk factors associated with conversion of LA to OA are grade of inflammation, age and CRP levels.
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The prevalence of functional low vision in southeast Nigeria is reportedly the highest in the country. ⋯ Low vision services are available in some tertiary facilities in southeast Nigeria. Improved funding and better awareness of the availability of low vision services by eye care providers and the general public are needed to strengthen services.
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During post restoration, different root structures require several types of posts to increase duration of their clinical use. Several materials have been investigated to enhance their quality and optimize their length according to the available root canal. ⋯ Current experiments supported that 6-mm post size can increase the bonding between root canal dentin and studied posts. When considering post materials, fiber provided the best bonding strength in current laboratory setup. Second, zirconia had meaningfully acceptable bonding strength; however, the bonding strength of ceromer posts was not favorable. Further studies optimizing post fabrication techniques of root materials may increase the bonding strength of posts to human dentin to an acceptable clinical degree.