Niger J Clin Pract
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Numerous studies have reported a relationship between human immune deficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency virus (AIDS) and auditory functions. There is a dearth of information on the prevalence of hearing loss among newly diagnosed HAART naïve adult patients. Aim: This study therefore provides baseline information on the prevalence of hearing loss among newly diagnosed HAART naïve adult patients in Port Harcourt and serves as a reference for the role of HAART in HIV related hearing loss and for future studies. ⋯ There was significant proportion of hearing loss among newly diagnosed HAART naive adult patients in Port Harcourt.
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Four premolars extractions are routine procedures for correction of malocclusion, but will inevitably lead to a reduction of tongue space, whether this will weaken the pharyngeal airway remains a controversy. ⋯ Four premolar extraction orthodontic treatments did not affect the pharyngeal airway volume except for the vertical liner and cross-sectional area dimensions. The trend of the gold standard suggested a positive influence of four premolar extraction orthodontic treatments.
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The aim of this study is to evaluate the apical debris extrusion amounts and preparation times of four different nickel-titanium systems with a similar cross-section design-Mtwo, RECIPROC, RECIPROC blue, and VDW.ROTATE. ⋯ Compared to other files, the Mtwo sequence produced significantly more debris and required significantly more time to complete the whole root canal preparation.
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The management of pleural effusion usually involves the drainage of the effusion, identification, and treatment of the underlying cause (s). Studies have shown that the initial diagnostic techniques do not give conclusive diagnosis in some cases of pleural effusion. This group of patients described as patients with indeterminate or undiagnosed pleural effusion constitutes a significant proportion of patients with pleural effusion in clinical practice. In this study, we examined the role of video-assisted thoracoscopy (VAT) in the diagnostic work-up of these patients. ⋯ Our results show that video-assisted thoracoscopy plays a useful role in our center in obtaining diagnosis in patients with indeterminate pleural effusion.
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Weak accountability hinders the effectiveness of routine immunization (RI) systems in low- and middle-income countries, yet studies on accountability of immunization programs are scarce. Aim: The study explored stakeholders' perspectives on the functioning of internal accountability within the National Program on Immunization in Enugu State, southeast Nigeria. ⋯ Immunization service delivery actors can be held accountable for program performance when there are sufficient formal instruments that provide roles and responsibilities, needed resources, motivated and supervised staff, an effective sanctions framework, genuine political participation, and strong community engagement.