Niger J Clin Pract
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Diarrhoea is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries including Nigeria. Rotavirus is a leading cause of acute watery diarrhoea in children under 5 years of age. ⋯ This study has confirmed that rotavirus is an important cause of childhood diarrhoea. The burden of childhood diarrhoea can be reduced by introduction of vaccines, and children of 1 year old and younger will benefit from this vaccine as most study participants have not been vaccinated. Creating awareness on prevention and control of this infection with mass vaccination will go a long way in reducing the prevalence and mortality rate of rotavirus diarrhoea.
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Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is frequently used in pediatric patients with renal failure. ⋯ The mortality rate is lower in CPD patients than in APD patients. Although PD in pediatric patients is associated with potential complications, its actual rate is relatively low. The primary catheter dysfunction rate is low, and omentectomy has no significant effect on preventing catheter occlusion.
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Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) are the most widespread of the new beta-lactamases and are a significant threat to patient care in the hospital and the community. Aim: The study assessed the prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and major ESBL encoding genes among Escherichia coli isolated from clinical specimens of patients in the National Hospital, Abuja (NHA). ⋯ The prevalence of ESBLs among E. coli was relatively high, at 30.2%. About 81% of all blood isolates were ESBL-producers. blaCTX-M is the predominant type of ESBL gene among E. coli. A high proportion of the ESBL-producing isolates expressed a combination of two or three genes together.
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Glaucoma is a global public eye health concern, being the number one cause of irreversible blindness. ⋯ Targeted eye screening can help with the early detection of glaucoma. Patient satisfaction should be at the fore of eye health services to improve uptake.