Pak J Med Sci
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The purpose of the study was to identify the sequence of violence that ensues after breaking bad news and develop a contextual model of breaking bad news and develop a model contextual for Pakistan. ⋯ Communication of bad news requires application of specific approaches to deal with contextual challenges for reducing violence against healthcare.
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To determine the frequency and intensity of Internet Addiction (IA) among medical undergraduates, using Social Networking Sites (SNS), in Karachi. ⋯ Internet Addiction (IA) is an emerging mental health concern affecting social behaviour patterns of medical undergraduates. However, the burden of IA is relatively higher among female medical students.
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Although many studies worldwide explained the risk factors for developing Diabetic Foot Ulceration (DFU), little has been done to assess medical factors in DFU formation and link them in patients of Pakistan. This study aimed to link the DFU with different risk factors. ⋯ Factors like obesity, waist circumference, combination of oral along with injectable therapies, neuropathy, dyslipidemia, retinopathy and poor compliance with medication were statistically significant and can be strongly linked with diabetic foot ulcer. Middle age, Male gender, Type 2 diabetes, and Hypertension were insignificantly co-related. However, further studies are needed in larger population to support these findings.
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Infectious spondylodiscitis (SD) is an infectious disease that is rare and difficult to diagnose due to its non-specific clinical features. In this study, we aimed to describe the clinical and diagnostic features of infectious spondylodiscitis. ⋯ PSD is the most frequent form of SD. Leucocytosis is most common in patients with PSD. Thoracic involvement and paraspinal abscess were prominent in patients with TSD. Sacral involvement was most common in patients with BSD. Thoracic involvement, female gender and night sweats were the predictive markers for TSD. The microbiological culture positivity rate was higher in surgical specimens compared to FNAB specimens. The need for surgical treatment was most common in patients with TSD.
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To determine the safety and efficacy of N-butyl 2-cyanoacrylate in bleeding gastric varices in children. ⋯ Endoscopic fundal varix obliteration with N Butyl-2 cyanoacrylate was safe and effective in treatment of gastric variceal hemorrhage in children.