Pak J Med Sci
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The retrosternal goiter (RSG), which can be defined by different classification and its incidence between 2% and 26% of all thyroidectomized patients, is a thyroid gland disease. Our aim was to classify RSG cases with a couple of different ways, which we have detected in computed tomography (CT) imaging of the thorax. ⋯ In patients who have retrosternal goiter, goiter spread can be defined with multiple classification with thorax CT.
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To determine the Homocysteine levels in type 2 diabetics and correlate homocysteine with HbA1c levels, BMI, blood pressure and duration of diabetes. ⋯ Systolic blood pressure and duration of diabetes showed a significant positive correlation with homocysteine. The correlation of homocysteine with HbA1c was not certain from researcher's point of view and further studies of larger sample size and longer duration must be conducted to ascertain the association between the two variables.
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Goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) was associated with improved outcomes after surgery. Noninvasive Cardiac Output Monitoring (NICOM) has proved to be a good choice for guiding GDFT. This study evaluated the effect of GDFT based on NICOM on prognosis in elderly patients undergoing resection of gastrointestinal tumor. ⋯ Goal-directed fluid therapy based on NICOM was significantly associated with improvement of prognosis in elderly patients undergoing resection of gastrointestinal tumor which reduced postoperative complications.
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Approximately 55-85% of women worldwide have experienced postpartum blues (PPB) during 6-9 weeks after delivery without receiving the counseling program; more than 20% of them have developed into postpartum depression. Study objectives were to evaluate the effect of the Self-EAR program to improve the postpartum blues scores and serum allopregnanolone level among newly blues mothers. ⋯ The findings suggested that the Self-EAR program was effective to improve postpartum blues scores and allopregnanolone level among newly postpartum blues mothers.
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To determine the safety and efficacy of N-butyl 2-cyanoacrylate in bleeding gastric varices in children. ⋯ Endoscopic fundal varix obliteration with N Butyl-2 cyanoacrylate was safe and effective in treatment of gastric variceal hemorrhage in children.