Pak J Med Sci
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Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is an inflammatory rheumatic disease that mainly affects the axial spine. Osteopenia and osteoporosis are the main complications of AS. Vitamin D has functions on the immune system. In this study, we aimed to compare vitamin D levels and Bone Mineral Density (BMD) values between AS patients and controls. ⋯ Our study demonstrates that AS patients have lower vitamin D levels, total BMD-femur and BMD-femur neck values. Higher disease activity increases bone loss in AS. Regular measurement of BMD and vitamin D should be kept in mind when planning a treatment in AS.
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To determine the effect of gum chewing on bowel function postoperatively in women after cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia. ⋯ The results of the present study indicate that sugar free gum chewing in the post-operative period which is cesarean section under spinal anesthesia shortened the duration of the intestinal movement, the time of first flatulation, and discharge time.
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To evaluate the skeletal variations amongst individuals and to compare the measurements with the standardized linear and angular values of Bjork Jarabak's analysis. ⋯ Skeletal variations amongst Saudi males and females were significant and comparison with standardized linear and angular values of Bjork Jarabak's analysis was also significant.
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Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease. Patients presenting with severe disease may require intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Factors predicting mortality and morbidity need to be identified for improving outcome. The objective of this study was to see the outcome of these patient presented to single center over a period of ten years. The secondary objective was to identify the factors responsible for adverse outcome. ⋯ AP patients requiring ICU admission represent severe form of disease. There is a need to develop protocol based care, which should be started immediately after hospital admission. This should have special focus on fluid resuscitation and nutritional therapy. Role of simple bed site parameters like BUN needs to be evaluated.
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To determine the outcome of patients receiving radioactive iodine therapy for toxic nodular goiter coming to Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi. ⋯ Radioactive iodine therapy is a safe and effective way of treating toxic nodular goiter which usually results in cure of hyperthyroidism in majority of patients.