Pak J Med Sci
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To determine the frequency and outcome of electrolyte imbalance in seriously ill children admitted in Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of a public sector hospital in Karachi. ⋯ Electrolyte imbalance is an important prognostic indicator in critically ill patients.
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To evaluate the management outcome of complex non-union of femoral fractures with Ilizarov method in terms of bone union, functional results and any complications. ⋯ The Ilizarov method provides an effective solution to address the complex non-union of femur fractures. It helps to ensure fracture healing, eradicates infection and provides good functional outcome. The attended complications are mild to moderate and manageable with conservative means.
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Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is common complication of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It is characterized by presence of two or more of hyperkalemia, hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia. TLS may cause acute kidney injury (AKI), arrhythmias and seizures. Our objective was to determine the frequency of TLS and its biochemical abnormalities in children with ALL. ⋯ TLS was found in 62.6% despite preventive measures. Early recognition and treatment is essential to avoid morbidity and mortality.
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To determine the frequency of involvement of distant head & neck sites which share sensory innervations with the ear in referred otalgia. ⋯ The ear should be examined in detail in patients presenting with earache to look for indigenous pathology. In the presence of a 'Normal Ear', it is important to examine the tonsils, teeth, pharynx and the nose & paranasal sinuses as the possible sites of origin of earache.
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The purpose of this study was assess the time trend of the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes and risk factors associated with diabetes in Pakistan by using a systematic review and meta-analysis. ⋯ There has been a continuous increase in the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes in Pakistan. All parts of the country have been affected, with the highest in Sindh and lowest in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The main factors include growing age, family history, hypertension and obesity. A nationwide diabetes care survey on risk factors and prevention policy is highly recommended.