Pak J Med Sci
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To study and compare the clinical effects of azithromycin and erythromycin on children with mycoplasma pneumonia. ⋯ Compared with erythromycin, azithromycin is more effective in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children. Azithromycin can further shorten the improvement time of clinical symptoms and signs and has few adverse reactions and high safety. It is worth clinical application.
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Pakistan is experiencing a "double burden'' of disease. Under-development is associated with illnesses like infections and nutritional deficiency, and is accompanied with diseases linked with development, such as diabetes, hypertension, cancer and chronic kidney disease. In Pakistan, renal and genitourinary diseases are an important, unaddressed health issues. ⋯ Of the numerous mycotoxins, zearalenone and ochratoxin are well-known for their hazardous effects on genitourinary and renal parenchyma respectively. We reviewed the literature using PubMed and Google Scholar databases for levels of these toxins in various constituents of chicken farming like chicken feed, meat, litter and human drinking water contamination in various parts of the country. We found that these toxins are in higher levels than recommended.
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To study the clinical presentation, treatment, and outcome of Retinoblastoma (Rb) in a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan. ⋯ Delayed presentation, recurrent disease, extraocular disease and metastasis on presentation were factors affecting outcome in our cohort. Awareness about the early warning signs and symptoms in both public and health professionals for early recognition and timely management are mandatory to decrease morbidity and mortality.
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Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a rare, life-threatening necrotizing renal parenchymal infection. Traditional management of EPN with nephrectomy had a mortality of 40-50%. The purpose of this case series was to assess the management, biochemical factors, and outcome of EPN patients. ⋯ EPN can be successfully managed conservatively for HTC Grade-1 and 2. Conservative treatment may be tried in higher grades, but poor response should lead to prompt escalation of treatment.
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To compare the neck length, relative neck length and height between patients with cervical spondylosis and healthy subjects. ⋯ Short height can be considered as a risk factor for cervical spondylosis. Short-statured individuals should be counseled to adopt measures for the prevention of cervical spondylosis.