Pak J Med Sci
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Despite the national/international warnings and little evidence as to whether over-the-counter cough and cold medications (OTC-CCM) are effective, physicians frequently overprescribe, parents overuse these drugs and antibiotics for URTIs in young child. This study aimed to determine the prescription pattern of over-the-counter cough and cold medications (OTC-CCM) in children less than two years. ⋯ We observed that international and national warnings did not show a considerable impact on the prescription pattern. Despite international and national reports, physicians frequently prescribe OTC-CCM in infants.
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To study the value of color Doppler ultrasound and ultrasound contrast in differential diagnosis of ovarian tumors. ⋯ In the differential diagnosis of ovarian tumors, ultrasound contrast has more advantages than color Doppler ultrasound in displaying the blood perfusion information of tumors. It has high diagnostic accuracy and clinical application value.
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Vascular anomalies are a diverse group of lesions, ranging from simple to complex, disfiguring anomalies. Our objective was to diagnose and provide comprehensive treatment to patients presenting with vascular anomalies, using a multi-disciplinary approach involving dermatologists, plastic surgeons, radiologists and pediatric surgeons. ⋯ Vascular anomalies have mostly been managed successfully at VAC using single or multimodal treatment. Increasingly complex anomalies can be handled using a multi-disciplinary approach. Establishment of VAC has facilitated many patients who were earlier considered as diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
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The advantages of laparoscopic surgery used in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy is well-known; however, the efficacy of uterine manipulators remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of uterine manipulators in the laparoscopic treatment of ectopic pregnancy. ⋯ We concluded that not using a uterine manipulator in laparoscopic procedures for ectopic pregnancy did not increase operative complications and that operation time was higher in procedures using uterine manipulators.
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To document our experience of initial management of Cloacal malformation in female patients. ⋯ Majority of cloacal malformations present in neonatal life. Initial management is an important step in dealing with these patients. Care must be taken during the abdominal exploration regarding drainage of hydrocolpos and appropriate placement of bowel stoma.