Pak J Med Sci
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To compare and analyze the clinical effects of ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrolithotripsy and X-ray-guided percutaneous nephrolithotripsy in the treatment of complex renal calculi without hydronephrosis. ⋯ Ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a safe and effective treatment regimen, boasting various advantages such as real-time monitoring of the surgical process, more accurate and clear channel establishment, avoidance of large vessel injury, shortening of surgical time, alleviation of kidney injury and reduction of surgical complications, which is more advantageous for the treatment of complex renal calculi.
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The earliest records of breast cancer (BC) date back to 3,000 - 2,500 B. C., ever since multiple curative options have been explored. First known wide margin excision was performed around 1st Century AD and a prototype of the modern-day BC surgery, Halsted radical mastectomy, was performed in the 20th Century. ⋯ PubMed search from 1990 to 2021 showed a rising trend in the number of breast cancer publications from Pakistan; from almost no papers before 1990 to 615 between 2012 to 2021. This remarkable surge in BC-related research can be explained by the commencement of fellowship programs in breast surgery and related fields. An increase in specialist training will yield better results in the management of patients, improve clinical trials and help produce more meaningful publications from the country.
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Pakistani's men with Premature ejaculation (PE) hardly prefer to go for treatment due to cultural barriers (men dominating society). This research objective is the gives knowledge about the effective treatment of premature ejaculation, how it can be effectively treated with the help of different techniques. Premature ejaculation (PE) is happened when a man has an orgasm and ejaculated earlier at the time of intercourse then he or his spouse would like. ⋯ A detail literature review was done via an electronic database, "Cochrane library databases", "PsychInfo", and "PubMed" from June to July 2021. The most effective procedure for lifetime and acquired PE is pharmaco- and psychotherapy combination. Men and partners develop sexual abilities and resolve the intra-psychological, interpersonal and cognitive problems that trigger and sustain dysfunction.
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Fabry disease (FD) is a relatively rare X-linked hereditary disease caused by mutations in the GLA gene that results in deficient α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A) enzyme activity. The disturbed catabolism of the neutral sphingolipids globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) leads to its progressive lysosomal accumulation throughout the body. Multiple organs can be affected. ⋯ Some possible reasons for this apparent discrepancy are discussed. ERT may be less effective in patients who have already developed fibrosis or irreversible organ damage. However, other confounding factors may be equally important.
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To determine the effect of Team-based learning (TBL) on the critical thinking of health professions students. ⋯ TBL improves five out of six dimensions of students' critical thinking. Besides its established evidence to increase knowledge, TBL can also be used as a teaching methodology for enhancing students' critical thinking.