Pak J Med Sci
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To determine the inter-rater reliability of pressure biofeedback unit among individuals with and without chronic low back pain. ⋯ Pressure Biofeedback Unit has showed excellent inter-rater reliability in measuring Transverse Abdominis muscle activity for individuals with and without chronic LBP.
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Prisons are reported as hub for communicable disease, as the closed environment, overcrowding, poor hygienic conditions facilitate the disease transmission. This study was conducted to describe contact tracing to identify, educate and manage COVID-19 in camp jail Lahore and to describe clinical and epidemiological features of disease in prisoners. ⋯ In order to prevent Covid-19 outbreaks, proactive containment and comprehensive contact tracing to identify monitor and manage cases and contacts, in incarcerated facilities like prisons is a public health solution to prevent and control large scale epidemic. Active monitoring for infected patients, and implementing timely infection prevention and control measures are mandatory for highly infectious Covid-19 in this vulnerable population.
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Pakistani female population has the highest incidence of Breast cancer among the women belonging to all other Asian countries. This contributed to 28.7% of all new cases of malignancies in 2020 and is also the cause of uppermost cancer mortality in Pakistani females. The number of deaths can be reduced by promoting breast cancer screening, according to recommended programs for high-risk populations. ⋯ Setting up breast awareness and screening clinics at gynecology outdoors with trained female assistants can be effective in promoting Breast Self-Examination and elaborating screening programs countywide to obtain long term benefits in a high-risk population of Pakistan.
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To investigate the prognostic significant of lymph node ratio and surgical margins in patients with colon cancer undergoing surgery. ⋯ A high metastatic LNR is associated with poorer overall and disease-free survival.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the vulnerability of countries worldwide and their abilities to cope with the fast-paced demands of the research and medical community. A key to promoting ethical decision-making frameworks is by calibrating the sustainability at regional, national, and global levels to incorporate coordinated reforms. ⋯ The World Health Organization's ethical framework proposed for the entire population during the pandemic was applied to thematically delineate findings under equality, best outcomes (utility), prioritizing the worst off, and prioritizing those tasked with helping others. The findings demarcate ethical concerns about the validity of drug and vaccine trials in developing and developed countries, hints of unjust healthcare organizational policies, lack of equal allocation of pertinent resources, miscalculated allocation of resources to essential workers and stratified populations.