Pak J Med Sci
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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrine disease with serious effects on multiple organs including the kidneys. This study aimed to investigate the subtle effects of type 2 DM (T2DM) on the kidneys. ⋯ T2DM has significant accentuating effects on the RL, RI and PI associated with low effective renal plasma flow, even before acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease diagnosis, which may be attenuated by careful regulation of DM. Ultrasound Doppler is a highly valuable imaging modality for evaluating the subtle effects of T2DM on kidney dimensions and blood flow. The RI can be implemented as a tool for the early diagnosis of kidney disease and contribute to slowing the disease progression and preventing renal failure.
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This study aimed to provide information on the epidemiology, trend, associated traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) and non-spinal injuries, and risk factors affecting the in-hospital outcome of RTA-related traumatic spinal injury (TSI) over the past decade in Aseer province, Saudi Arabia. ⋯ The latest government initiatives to reduce RTA like speed limits and waring of seat belts have resulted in a concordant decline in TSI incidence with good consistency between police and health registration data.
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The COVID-19 pandemic undermined the health service delivery and utilization of essential health care services globally. The current study therefore aimed to explore the health-seeking behaviors and challenges faced by patients for the management of gastrointestinal diseases. ⋯ Patients with gastrointestinal conditions were largely affected by lockdown largely due to fear of contacting COVID-19 disease and inaccessibility to the public transportation. Widely available telemedicine service might overcome these shortcomings and ensure continuity of quality care.
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a public health challenge and is endemic in many countries including Saudi Arabia. The disease is a major health concern in the Kingdom because of its dynamic population as resident expatriates are mainly from high TB burdened countries and the mass influx of pilgrims every year in peak seasons for Umrah and Hajj. The objective of the current study was to evaluate pulmonary TB incidence rates and conclude the potential high-risk patients to highlight the burdened regions in Saudi Arabia for the health authorities, which could help to establish policies of infection control as necessary. ⋯ TB control seems to be facing some challenges in several regions of the Kingdom, particularly major cities. National TB Control Program (NTP) needs to continually evaluate official data to spot high risk groups and factors associated with increased incidence. This will help to improve TB control strategies to contain the disease and approaches its eradication.
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The most frequently used surgical methods for treating cholesteatoma include canal wall up and canal wall down procedures. The objective of the study was to compare the hearing improvement among children with cholesteatoma who underwent canal wall up and canal wall down surgical management. ⋯ Our data collected after a one-year follow-up of patients suggests canal wall up as a preferred technique for hearing improvement than canal wall down technique.