Pak J Med Sci
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Remote scarless surgeries have been developed for cosmetic reasons; literature showed that remote endoscopic surgeries were superior to conventional thyroidectomy. However, no researchers have compared the transoral thyroidectomy vestibular approach and transareolar approach regarding cosmetic outcomes and postoperative pain score. This meta-analysis assessed the same among patients with papillary microcarcinoma, thyroid disease, and small-size papillary carcinoma. ⋯ The transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach was better compared to the trans-areolar approach in terms of cosmetic outcomes, no differences were evident regarding pain score and central lymph node dissection. Further larger well-controlled studies assessing operative and postoperative outcomes are needed.
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Masseter spasm after induction of anaesthesia can be generally defined as a marked difficulty in manual mouth opening that interferes and impedes direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation without the presence of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Several factors have been implicated in the literatures responsible for causing masseter spasm including use of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and anxiety. ⋯ Anaesthesiologist should be aware of this complication when dealing with anxious patients on antidepressant therapy during induction of anaesthesia. Masseter spasm with locked jaw, can be a potential life-threatening situation particularly in scenarios of "cannot- ventilate-cannot intubate".
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To explore the hepatoprotective effect of diammonium glycyrrhizinate (DG) in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. ⋯ In the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, combining DG with conventional anti-tuberculosis regimen can improve overall intervention effect, reduce incidence of liver injury, and alleviate its degree.
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Patient-physician interaction is an essential factor influencing the patient's health management decisions. This communication allows the patients to develop trust in the treating physicians and facilitates them in deciding what's best for themselves. ⋯ In this communication, we aim to debate the need and utility of having moral virtues for ethical decision-making. We will also evaluate the role of intellectual virtues in patient-doctor interaction for decisions taken on clinical grounds.
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This meta-analysis aimed to investigate daily versus intermittent iron supplementation among children. ⋯ Daily supplementation increased hemoglobin more compared to weekly or twice/week among children with iron deficiency anemia. Further larger studies assessing tolerance and compliance are needed.