Pak J Med Sci
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Pakistan is the sixth most populous country in the world. Current contraceptive use in Pakistan is only 26% despite being one of the leading countries in Asia to launch National family planning programs. Major constraint of acceptability among women is the lack of awareness and implementation of contraceptive methods. The objective of this study was to explore the reasons behind this behavior. ⋯ The education of women and awareness score are independent predictors of contraceptive practice in women. Hence by educating mothers and increasing awareness through various means, practice of contraception can be increased. There is much room to improve the working of family health clinics and LHV.
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Invasive cervical resorption (ICR) is a phenomenon of unknown etiology that results in the loss of hard dental tissue. To have a successful outcome for a tooth affected by ICR, correct diagnosis and management are needed. With the introduction of new biocompatible materials and the advancement of CBCT imaging, these pathologies can be identified and treated with precision, resulting in promising outcomes. This case report aims to present the management of maxillary central incisors diagnosed with external ICR, treated with bioceramic root repair material, and followed-up to six years.
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To investigate the correlation between dyslipidemia and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in patients with diabetes mellitus. ⋯ Dyslipidemia and glucose metabolism in patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus have a close bearing on carotid IMT. Clinically, patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus can be judged by monitoring carotid IMT for dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis and other related complications.
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Understanding the epidemiology of upper gastrointestinal cancers in Pakistan may help in identifying important demographic risk factors for upper gastrointestinal malignancies in a particular rural population group. This will benefit in implementing tailored prevention approaches as well as effective management of health services. ⋯ The average age of patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy among rural community of Karachi was relatively low. The burden of upper GI malignancies was significantly higher among elderly. Male patients had significantly greater burden of premalignant and malignant lesions as compared to females. No differences in the distribution of diagnostic outcomes were observed on the basis of ethnicity.
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Poor postnatal care can increase morbidity and mortality. This study assessed the current deficiencies in quality of postnatal care provided to mothers in Lady Aitchison hospital, Lahore when compared to WHO standards and identifies the areas for quality improvement. ⋯ This study suggests that in developing countries like Pakistan, majority of the patients were satisfied by the services of healthcare workers. The prime improvement area is the infra-structure of the hospital which can be upgraded to provide better quality facilities in terms of air-conditioning, washrooms and well-designed areas for extensive examination of breast, pelvis, abdomen and neonates. There is also need for introduction of standard guidelines for postnatal care.