Pak J Med Sci
-
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrine disease with serious effects on multiple organs including the kidneys. This study aimed to investigate the subtle effects of type 2 DM (T2DM) on the kidneys. ⋯ T2DM has significant accentuating effects on the RL, RI and PI associated with low effective renal plasma flow, even before acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease diagnosis, which may be attenuated by careful regulation of DM. Ultrasound Doppler is a highly valuable imaging modality for evaluating the subtle effects of T2DM on kidney dimensions and blood flow. The RI can be implemented as a tool for the early diagnosis of kidney disease and contribute to slowing the disease progression and preventing renal failure.
-
The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical effect, knee function improvement and prognosis of double plate internal fixation and locking plate internal fixation in the treatment of tibial plateau fractures. ⋯ The clinical effect, knee function improvement and prognosis of locking plate internal fixation in the treatment of tibial plateau fractures are better than those of double plate fixation.
-
Anxiety and depression are commonly occurring mental disorders in school-going students and if not considered can result in a worse outcome. The objective of our study was to determine the prevalence, risk factors and relationship of anxiety and depression with different variables among high school students of Karachi. ⋯ The study found a high prevalence of anxiety and depression among high school students. Female students of public sector school and those who had a family history of anxiety and depression were more likely to develop it. Early detection and management of anxiety and depression by screening are necessary to overcome this burden.
-
In this study we determine the modifiable factors related to bleeding and transfusion in post-cardiac surgery patients who underwent open heart surgery. ⋯ Correction of pre-op Hb, post-op platelet count and total bypass time are the significant and preventable parameters in patients undergoing cardiac surgery if proper pre-op assessment of the patient is performed.
-
To compare efficacy of systemic antibiotics alone and combination of systemic antibiotics with gentamicin cream in diabetic foot infections. ⋯ Diabetic foot infections are significant contributors of morbidity in our country. Combination of gentamicin cream with systemic antibiotics is highly effective in inflammation reduction, increasing clinical cure rate and pathological eradication as compared to systemic antibiotics alone in diabetic foot infections. Early identification of risk factors, proper patients care and multidisciplinary approach for diabetic foot infections prevention is required.