Pak J Med Sci
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The aim was to assess the influence of Er, Cr: YSGG laser (ECL) and fractional carbon dioxide laser (FCL) on the shear bond strength (SBS) and microleakage of bioactive restorative material to dentin. ⋯ ECL has a potential to be used as an alternate to total etch and rinse for conditioning of dentin when bonded to bioactive materials.
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To explore the impact of Blackboard (Bb) formative assessment on the final score in the endocrine module and determine the medical students' perception of the impact and effectiveness of Bb. ⋯ The majority of the students liked this blended learning (BL) method and conceded the impact and effectiveness of Bb. The formative online assessment on Bb improved the students' performance in the final exam and a positive correlation was noted between students' marks in online (Bb) exams with their final exam marks.
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Domains of professionalism are well-described in the literature. Examining the elements of Professionalism in the local context have received less attention from education experts. The aim of the study was to explore the construct of professionalism as perceived by the faculty that fitted the Pakistani context identified in the ABIM framework of professionalism. ⋯ The study concludes that that ABIM framework can be used to build consensus regarding the domains of professionalism. No difference was found cross contextually regarding the domains of ABIM framework of professionalism.