Presse Med
-
We compared serum concentrations cytokines in seronegative and seropositive HIV-I intravenous drug abusers. ⋯ An impaired production of GM-CSF may contribute to the loss of the myelopoetic progenitor cells and to the functional abnormalities of leukocytes associated with HIV-1 infection. Injecting drug use contributes to the levels of immune activation markers, therefore their use in HIV-1 infection may be limited in IDUs. However, neopterin remains a useful marker for HIV-1 infected IDUs.