Presse Med
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Practice Guideline Comparative Study Guideline
[Practice Guideline for antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery. SFAR. French Society of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation].
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Review Comparative Study
[Management of therapeutic failure in HIV-infected patients].
A COMMON SITUATION: Among HIV-infected patients treated with antiretroviral regimens, 20% to 50% escape therapeutic control. The principal factors predictive of treatment failure are low CD4 counts and high viral load prior to institution of the antiretroviral treatment. Several virological and pharmacological mechanisms are implicated.
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ENDEMIC ZONES: Strongyloidiasis is an intestinal parasitosis which is frequently found in tropical and subtropical regions. RISK: The "autoinfection" cycle during this helminthiasis explains why the infection can be perpetuated without further exposure to exogenous, infective larvae. ⋯ Since disseminated stronglyoidiasis is fatal in 80% of cases it is imperative to diagnose and treat this condition before long-term corticotherapy. Ivermectin is currently recommended because it is effective and well tolerated.
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INFLUENCE OF AGING ON PAIN: Although pain affects a large majority of the elderly population living in the community and in institutions, our knowledge of the evolution of pain experience with age is poor. Results of clinical surveys and experimental pain studies are contradictory, showing no change, an increase, or a decrease of pain with age. Many results suggest a decrease of pain perception with age that could be explained by peripheral and central neuroanatomical aging and psychological changes of the aging patient towards pain.
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IMPACT OF PLASMODIUM VIVAX WORLDWIDE: Plasmodium vivax is the most widespread malanal agent in the world. Unlike Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax can cause early or late recurrence and is not fatal (benign tertian malaria). EMERGENCE OF RESISTANT STRAINS: P. vivax strains resistant to chloroquine, then primaquine, have emerged over the last decade, creating the need for a new therapeutic strategy. ⋯ Mefloquine, quinine and halofantrine are also logical alternatives. TREATMENT OF RECURRENT DISEASE: A schizonticidal agent should be given followed by a hypnozoitocidal agent, primaquine. Primaquine dosage should now be raised or adjusted to the patient's weight.