Presse Med
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To identify the various sources of noise in a neonatal intensive care unit in a university hospital centre and to assess the noise level. ⋯ The impact of hospital staff on the extent and frequency of sources of noise is crucial. An enhanced awareness strategy should therefore be developed.
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VIRUSES, THE CAUSE OF VASCULITIS: Although the majority of systemic vasculitis are of unknown causes, the responsibility of a viral infection has been formally demonstrated in some of them and specific treatment can permanently cure them. Each virus incriminated accounts for a particular type of vasculitis. HEPATITIS B VIRAL INFECTION (HBV): Is the cause of polyarteritis nodosa in 36 to 50% of cases. ⋯ FOLLOWING VARICELLA-HERPES ZOSTER INFECTION: Vasculitis occasionally develops in the form of a central neurological deficiency (locomotor deficiency with or without aphasia around one month after an ophthalmologic herpes zoster) or involving the retina or, more rarely, the skin or the kidneys. VASCULITIS ASSOCIATED WITH CYTOMEGALOVIRAL INFECTION: Predominantly observed in immunodepressed patients, vasculitis after CMV infection is diffuse and basically involving the digestive tube, notably the colon, the central nervous system and the skin. A RARE COMPLICATION OF AN HTLV1 INFECTION: Vasculitis of the retina often in the form of necrotic retinitis is often associated with spasmodic paraparessia.
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PRINCIPLE AND OTHER CAUSES: Takayasu's arteritis, giant cell arteritis and Behçet's disease are the three main causes of inflammatory aortitis. More rarely, aortitis can be observed in Cogan's syndrome, atrophic polychondritis, sarcoidosis, ankylosing spondylitis and in rheumatoid arthritis. RISKS OF PROGRESSION: Takayasu's arteritis is distinct with the development of stenotic lesions of the aorta. ⋯ Aortic regurgitation is a frequent complication of inflammatory aortitis. Sometimes, aortitis is only manifested by general signs such as fever or an inflammatory syndrome. SUPPLEMENTARY EXPLORATIONS: Recent advances in diagnosis and follow-up of patients with inflammatory aortitis concern the use of non-invasive imaging techniques: Doppler ultrasonography, computed tomography with injection of a contrast product and magnetic resonance imaging, which currently replace the aortography.
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A RARE EVENTUALITY: Although parasite infections are frequent, observations of vasculitis related to parasitosis are, however, very rare. REGARDING THE MECHANISM: The simultaneous occurrence of a parasitosis and vasculitis may be the consequence of either the direct implication of a parasite observed in the histological lesions in the onset of alteration in the vascular wall, or of immunopathological phenomena occuring during the anti-parasite immune response, or a fortuitous association. THE HUMAN PARASITOSIS IMPLIED: In most cases, vasculitis associated with parasitosis is an isolated event with varied clinical aspects. Such cases have been reported in toxoplasmosis, trichinosis, strongyliasis, ascaridiosis, sarcocystosis, amibiasis, leishmaniosis and toxocarosis.